1. Fill in patient paperwork
   Make sure the patient is warm
2. Keep the airway open
   Make sure the patient has water

While all the other tasks might be relevant at some point, an open airway is the most important thing while assessing a patient. All the other tasks can wait till after the assessment has finished.

1. Stroke
   Respiratory problems
2. Appendicitis
   None of the above

Nasal flaring is a clue that a patient is in respiratory distress but its the use of accessory muscles that will confirm their problem. These are generally only used by the body following exercise or during respiratory failure.

1. It is fatal.
   Spread between people
2. Cannot be spread
   None of the above

Communicable diseases, although some can be fatal, are diseases that are spread among people in different ways. It could be through the air, for example, if a tuberculosis patient sneezes or coughs, or in blood, as in the case of HIV.

1. Cervix
   Vulva
2. Utero
   None of the above

Delivering a baby is something EMT's have to deal with from time to time. The baby will pass through the opening of the uterus, called the cervix, which dilates enough to let the infant pass into the birth canal.

1. Eyes
   Feet
2. Heart
   Brain

The coronary arteries are a major set of arteries found in the heart. Two main arteries form the coronary artery group. They are simply called the left coronary and right coronary artery. When these arteries become blocked, a patient can experience angina or even have a heart attack.

1. True
2. False

NO! HIV cannot be transmitted through inhalation at all. In a medical situation, it would only be transmitted through blood, for example a needle stick injury.

1. Patella
   Humerus
2. Fibia
   Femur

The bone in the thigh is known as the femur. Not only is the femur the longest bone in the human body, running from the hip joint to the knee, it is also the strongest.

1. Yes
2. No

A patient experiencing anaphylactic shock is a very serious situation. And yes, a bee sting can lead to this condition, because some patients are allergic to bee stings.

1. Overdose
   Overreaction
2. Anaphylactic reaction
   None of the above

Anaphylactic reactions can be very severe and often are a matter of life or death. A massive allergic reaction, they can be caused by an insect sting, food or even medication.

1. Tournique
   Direct pressure on the wound
2. Elevate the patient.
   None of the above

When an EMT comes across a patient with a severe bleeding wound, the first thing to do is to apply direct pressure to the wound. This can help close up the wound (if small enough) and also give the blood chance to begin the clotting process.

1. Patella
   Tabula
2. Fibula
   Sternum

A kneecap is also known as a patella. it is connected to the upper and lower leg by the means of tendons, namely the patellar and the quadriceps tendon. The patella protects the knee joint.

1. Amygdala
   Thalamus
2. Aorta
   Hippocampus

Found in the heart, the aorta is the biggest artery found in the human body. Its main function is to transport blood that has oxygen in it through the body.

1. Femur
   Humerus
2. Patella
   Fibula

The bone in the upper arm is known as the humerus. It runs from the shoulder to the elbow. The humerus connects the scapular with the two bones in the lower arm, the radius and ulna.

1. Rib
   Clavicle
2. Scapula
   Pubis

The medical name for the collar bone is the clavicle. It connects the shoulder blade with the sternum or breast bone. This is the longest horizontal bone in the human body.

1. Clavicle
   Ulna
2. Zygoma
   Sacrum

While the mandible bone is used to describe the lower jaw, the cheekbone area is called the zygoma. And the upper jaw? Well, that is called the maxilla.

1. Lymph node
   Motor cortex
2. Coronary artery
   None of the above

The motor cortex is found near the top of our brains and stretches from ear to ear across the brain. Together with the cerebellum, it helps control movement.

1. Parietal lobes
   Bronchi
2. Somatosensory cortex
   Limbic system

The bronchi are connected to each lung. When we breathe, the air comes down the trachea and then passes into each bronchi which direct it toward the lungs. They form part of the pulmonary system.

1. True
2. False

True! Because their pancreas does not produce insulin, a type 1 diabetic must inject themselves ever day. This is usually done around meal times to help keep their blood sugar at stable levels. There are now insulin pumps which may alleviate the need for daily needles.

1. Scapular
   Radius
2. Femur
   None of the above

Also called the radial bone, the radius, along with the ulna, make up the two-bone structure of the forearm. It is slightly shorter than the ulna and has a prism shape.

1. Yes
2. No

No, never do this. It could lead to a back injury. Rather bend your knees to lower yourself, keeping your back straight, and lift by straightening your legs again.

1. Back
   Front
2. Middle
   Side

In anatomy, the word anterior mean front. So for example, an athlete who has injured an anterior cruciate ligament in their ankle has damaged the ligament at the front of the ankle. When referring to the ligaments at the back of the ankle, one would say posterior.

1. True
2. False

When dealing with patients who have tuberculosis it is best to always wear a mask. This is because tuberculosis can be spread if you inhale the germ. Precaution is always the best option, although the disease is difficult to catch despite the fact that it is spread through the air.

1. Decreased blood flow through the body
   A hot patient
2. A cold patient
   None of the above

If a patient is suffering hypoperfusion, blood has slowed down flowing through their body and through vital organs. It can lead to a state of shock in the patient.

1. Distal
   Anatomical
2. Medial
   None of the above

A person standing upright with their arms by their sides and palms facing forward is said to be in the anatomical position. This is used to describe a patient's body.

1. Between 2 and 2.4 inches
   1 inch
2. 5 inches
   None of the above

When applying compression to the chest of an adult, you should compress the chest around 2 to 2.4 inches. This is around 5 to 6 centimeters. For a child, compression should be a third of their chest size.

1. Heart
   Lungs
2. Kidneys
   Liver

Your liver has many functions including helping to detoxify your body, it does this by filtering anything we consume in whole or liquid form. It also turns sugar into glycogen and breaks down fats that we eat. Overall, the liver has over 500 different functions.

1. Esophagus
   Trachea
2. Small intestine
   Large intestine

The esophagus connects the throat with the stomach. It forms part of the alimentary canal and is a tube consisting of muscle and filled with mucous membrane.

1. Man
   Woman
2. Neither, they have the same.

Although the biblical story tells us that God fashioned Eve from the rib of Adam, men and women have the same number of ribs. And how many are there? Twelve pairs to make 24.

1. 5:1
   100:1
2. 30:2
   60:1

The American Heart Association instituted new CPR guidelines in 2016. In it, they recommend a 30:2 ratio of compression to breaths for two EMTs while treating an adult patient.

1. Cerebellum
   Medulla
2. Cerebrum
   Brainstem

The cerebellum lies at the back of the brain and handles all our balance and co-ordination. This is the largest part of our brain. Interestingly, cerebellum is Latin for "little brain".

1. Heart
   Spleen
2. Appendix
   Gallbladder

The good old appendix, yes, that is what you will find in the right lower quadrant. This organ has a tendency to burst from time to time, but luckily, it usually lets someone know beforehand by putting them through excruciating pain!

1. 10 breaths a minute
   12 to 20 breaths a minute
2. 25 to 30 breaths a minute
   30 to 40 breaths per minute

A normal adult, who has been sitting at rest, will breathe around 12 to 20 breaths a minute. Paramedics will check a patient's breathing and this can help them work out if the person is in distress or not, especially with no visible injuries.

1. Left atrium
   Right ventricle
2. Right atrium
   Left ventricle

All four of these are important in sending blood filled with oxygen around the lungs and then on its return, sending it to the lungs to be filled with oxygen once again. While the left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood around the body, the right ventricle receives the de-oxygenated blood back to the lungs.

1. Needle
   Blood donation
2. Shunt
   Fistula

When doctor connect an artery to a vein, it is called a fistula. This is done without any medical devices or tubing between the artery and the vein. These are often used for patients undergoing hemodialysis.

1. Priapism
   Bleeding from the mouth
2. A temperature
   None of the above

While sickle cell anemia can cause painful joints as well as abdominal pains, it has another implication for men. It can cause a terribly painful erection!