1. Veins are concerned with how they look.
   Arteries like to spend their time painting.
2. Arteries kill; veins promote life.
   Veins carry blood to the heart; arteries carry it away from the heart.

When the heart pumps blood, it's really only pumping blood away from the heart. This is a big job. Getting blood back to the heart is partially accomplished through this pressure and partially through muscle movements, which put pressure on blood vessels called veins, which push blood back to the heart.

1. Deep
   Substructural
2. Interior
   Within

While many medical terms are derived from Greek or Latin, the term "deep" is in fact just an English word, derived from Old English. One organ may be described as "deep to" another.

1. Exoskeleton
   Non-axial skeleton
2. Endoskeleton
   Hydrostatic skeleton

Humans have endoskeletons. An endoskeleton is made of hard compounds and is located within the body. This is the opposite of the exoskeleton, which is common in the insect world and is worn on the outside of the body. A hydrostatic skeleton is a flexible compartment inside the body that is filled with fluid, as with the red-knobbed sea star.

1. None
   31
2. 60
   17

There is a common misconception that the hand does not contain any muscles, but the truth is far more complicated. While the hand does contain many muscles, some actions of the hand are enabled by muscles in the arm, without which the hand could not grasp things.

1. The intestines
   The lungs
2. The heart
   The skin

The dermis, or skin, is the single largest organ human beings have. Skin isn't just larger in terms of area, as it covers almost the whole body, but it is also the largest organ by mass.

1. Humerus
   Pubis
   Scapula
2. Metatarsal
   All of the above

Commonly called the shoulder blade, the scapula is a large bone on the posterior side of the human body, making up one half of the socket of the shoulder joint. The bone provides structural integrity for the joint and a foundation for attaching operational muscles.

1. Biceps brachii
   Deltoid
2. Coracobrachialis
   Brachialis

The deltoid is a muscle in the shoulder, not the upper arm. The biceps brachii is the muscle of the upper arm most people think of when they think of the upper arm. Coracobrachialis is the smallest of the three, attaching the arm to the chest, and the brachialis similarly attaches the lower part of the arm.

1. 212
   210
2. 208
   206

Most adults have 206 bones, although the number may vary slightly, and it's a myth that women have two more ribs than men. This vast assortment of bones allows humans to do things many other animals cannot. Examples include performing complex tasks with an opposable thumb, swimming the breaststroke and dancing.

1. Intercarpal
   Palamatic
2. Radia
   Talus

The talus is one of the bones in the ankle. More specifically, the talus is the bone right at the angle of the instep, allowing the graceful flexing of the ankle. It connects to the tibia and fibula in the leg.

1. Renal artery
   Ulnar artery
2. Popliteal artery
   Great saphenous vein

The brachial artery is an artery in the arm, carrying blood from the heart toward the hand. As it travels down the arm, it connects to the ulnar artery, which leads from the elbow to the hand, transmitting the blood on the second half of its journey to the hand.

1. Nuclear membrane
   Cytoplasm
2. Centrioles
   Vacumoles

Animal cells are constructed of 13 major parts. Those parts are as follows: cell membrane, vesicles, nucleus, nuclear membrane, cytoplasm, nucleolus, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, ribosomes, mitochondria, centrioles, cytoskeleton and vacuoles.

1. Thoracic
   Sacrum
2. Cervical
   Ulna

The ulna is one of the bones of the forearm, connecting from the elbow to the part of the hand closest to the little finger. The ulna is, conveniently, near the ulnar nerve, which controls the pinky and ring finger. If inflamed, it can cause hand pain.

1. The pelvis
   The spine
2. The rib cage
   The foot

The ilium is the upper and largest part of the pelvis. Commonly referred to as the hip bone, the ilium and its surrounding anatomy is the reason for the iliac furrow, sometimes called Apollo's belt, which is a pair of muscle grooves possessed by muscular people.

1. Navigular
   Fibula
2. Pistiform
   Ventricle

The only real bone in the above list, the fibula is not a bone used for telling little lies, but rather a bone in the leg. More specifically, the fibula is the smaller of the two bones of the lower leg, found on the lateral side of the leg.

1. Medial
   Dorsal
2. Inner
   Endo

Derived from the Latin word "medius," meaning "middle," "medial" is the correct term for the inner side of a body part — the portion of one's knee closest to the other knee, for example. The opposite of medial is lateral, derived from the Latin for "to the side."

1. Proximal means closer to the trunk of the body.
   Distal means closer to the trunk of the body.
2. Proximal means closer to the head.
   Distal means closer to the heart.

Derived from the Latin for "closest," the same root as the word "proximity," "proximal" is a term describing a part of the body closer to the trunk of the body. For example, the shoulder is the proximal end of the arm.

1. Malleus
   Incus
2. Stapes
   Puspus

The ossicles are three bones inside the human ear that allow us to perceive sounds. These bones are so small, their name literally translates to "tiny bones." There are three ossicles: the malleus (or hammer), the incus (or anvil) and the stapes (or stirrup).

1. Ipsilateral
   Unilateral
2. Contralateral
   Extralateral

Contralateral means something is on the opposite side of a structure, while ipsilateral means something is on the same side. Unilateral means something is only on one side of the body. Bilateral means something is located on both sides of the body.

1. Dorsal
   Caudal
2. Rostral
   Toastal

The word "ventral" describes the "belly side" of the body. Its Latin root is the word "venter," which literally translates to "belly." Dorsal is the opposite of ventral, as it comes from "dorsum," which means "back."

1. 30
   16
2. 10
   22

The three bones in each human ear are not considered to be part of the skull, since they are not attached to it. The skull has eight bones that form the case around the brain and 14 bones that make up the face. X-rays of young people can determine when growth has stopped by looking for fusion between these mostly non-moving bones.

1. 12
   Six
2. 10
   16

Adults have 32 permanent teeth, including four wisdom teeth, whereas children have only 20 primary teeth. Children have 10 teeth on top and 10 on the bottom, which they will lose. Adults have 16 teeth on both their upper and lower jaws.

1. Convert the image to color
   Turn the image into ones and zeros
2. Rotate the image 90 degrees
   Flip the image

The way the human eye works involves passing light through both a lens and a tiny aperture. The result of this is that the image is flipped upside-down when it projects against the back of the eye, where rods and cones receive the image and transmit it to the brain.

1. The brain stem
   The reproductive organs
   The liver
2. The pancreas
   None of the above

While it's not the only artery that supplies the brain with oxygen, the basilar artery is one of the most important. It is an extension of the vertebral arteries, and it in turn branches into smaller arteries that travel to different parts of the brain to supply oxygen.

1. Lacrimal bone
   Vomer
2. Maxilla
   Zygomatic bone

The face has a very complex arrangement of bones, and two of the most useful are the maxilla and the mandible. The mandible is the lower jaw bone, allowing movement of the lower mouth (and thus teeth) and opening of the mouth. The maxilla is the bone forming the upper portion of the jaw and mouth, to which the upper teeth are attached.

1. Ventral
   Palmar
2. Fingeral
   Front

Just in case you've become complacent about anatomical terminology, anatomists threw this particular curveball to keep you on your feet. "Palmar" derives from the Latin for "palm of the hand," which seems pretty straightforward, even though dorsal just means "back."

1. P1
   L9
2. C13
   T2

Vertebrae are categorized into types, the three major ones being cervical vertebrae, thoracic vertebrae and lumbar vertebrae. These types of vertebrae are numbered; thus there would be a C1, T1 and L1. However as not all vertebrae exist in the same numbers, just because there is a T12 does not mean there is an L12 — and there is not.

1. Triceps brachii
   Biceps brachii
2. Pronator teres
   Aorta

The difference between an extensor muscle and a flexor muscle is that the extensor muscle's job is to open up the joint, while a flexor shortens itself when flexed, causing the joint to close. The triceps brachii are extensors, for example, while the biceps brachii are flexor muscles.

1. 40-60
   70 to 90
2. 90 to 110
   60 to 80

The human head is expected to be able to rotate at least 60 to 80 degrees, on average. This allows it to turn to the side, While some people are genetically gifted or have remarkable flexibility, they are the exception, and restrictions on head movement involve skeletal construction.

1. The front of the thigh
   The back of the calf
2. The lower spine
   The neck

The rectus femoris is one of the larger extensor muscles of the leg, and it is also a flexor of the hip. Located on the ventral (front) side of the body, it is bilateral (one on each leg).

1. Tribhanga
   Venterior discaphony
2. Hiptacularshoulderrificness
   Contrapposto

An anatomical term used in art, "contrapposto" comes to us from Italy. Roughly translated as "counterpoise," it describes a dynamic pose often seen in Greek, Roman and Renaissance statuary and paintings. The line of the shoulders tips one way, and the line of the hips tips the other way, creating balance.

1. Double-jointed
   Hypermobile
2. Hyperflexible
   Dislocated

While certain terms like "double-jointed" are popular in conversational English, they are not medical terms. "Double-jointed" implies that a joint works in two ways or that there is an extra joint — neither is true. The medical term is "hypermobility," which means the anatomy that typically restricts motion is a little more flexible.

1. DNA
   Nucleolus
2. Nucleosis
   There is nothing else there.

Within a cell's nucleus there are several things, but the sort of "nucleus within the nucleus" is the nucleolus. The nucleolus is like the CPU of the cell. Comprised of proteins, DNA and RNA, it is the programming and decisionmaking structure of the cell. When it malfunctions, the body can become vulnerable to abnormalities like cancer.

1. Between the distal and proximal phalanges
   In the hand
2. Near the metacarpals
   All of the above

The bones of the fingers are called phalanges, and one such bone is called a phalanx. Phalanges are divided into three categories: proximal, intermediate and distal. The finger bone in the middle of the finger is the intermediate phalanx. The other phalanges are the distal (fingertip) and the proximal (upper finger, connecting to the knuckle).

1. The wrist
   The ankle
2. The groin
   The head

The occipitofrontalis muscle is a large muscle on the head, connecting the base of the skull in the back to the face, across the top of the head. The muscle's front end is at the brow, allowing various facial expressions involving the forehead and eyebrows.

1. Gleich's syndrome
   Paroxysmal hand hematoma
2. Lenz microphthalmia syndrome
   Thoracic outlet syndrome

Cervical ribs are extra ribs some people are born with, coming from the cervical spine. They aren't meant to be there and can cause thoracic outlet syndrome by squeezing blood vessels or nerves in the inner shoulder. This causes pain and numbness in the arms and hands.