1. Listening for breathing sounds
   Administering insulin
2. Taking a patient's blood pressure
   Setting a broken radial bone

Systole and diastole are the two halves of the heartbeat. Each one exerts a different pressure on the walls of veins and arteries, meaning we have systolic and diastolic blood pressure.

1. Blood
   Glucose
2. Insulin
   Oxygen

The others would be administered intravenously or orally. But oxygen/nitrogen is administered via a mask.

1. A drug overdose
   A Parkinson's flareup
2. Symptoms of schizophrenia
   A stroke

"Brain attack" is a term related to "heart attack." In both cases, part of the organ is being deprived of necessary blood flow; death can result.

1. Yes
2. No

EMTs, like other types of first responder, might be called to court to testify about what they saw at an emergency scene that was also a crime scene. Few people are exempt from this responsibility -- religious personnel, for example.

1. Improving and declining
   Left side and right side
2. Nearer and farther away
   Front and back

EMTs, like doctors and nurses, learn these anatomical terms in school. They're meant to eliminate confusion in the field. But don't confuse "anterior" and "posterior" with "ventral" and "dorsal" -- the latter two terms refer more specifically to a patient's torso (chest/stomach versus back).

1. 12 -24
   30 - 40
2. 50 - 90
   100 - 140

There's a bit of wiggle room here -- serious caffeine users might be up around 100, while ultra-marathoners can get down under 40. But 12 - 24 is too low. That's the number of breaths per minute a healthy resting adult takes.

1. The problem is resolved; you should leave.
   You should proceed with great caution.
2. You should enter the premises right away; everyone is unconscious or dying.
   You should go looking for the person who committed the stabbing, who has evidently fled.

Emergency scenes are usually noisy places, with people crying, hurrying around trying to help, et cetera. What EMT manuals call "unusual silence" suggests something is wrong, possibly a hostage situation or similar.

1. BMI
   Intake status
2. Venn profile
   Vital signs

These are the vital signs because they will give you, taken together, a good snapshot of the patient's condition. If any one of the four is "off," something is wrong in their system.

1. Cancer
   Diabetes
2. Asthma
   Lupus

Diabetes is possibly the fastest-growing health problem in the developed world (e.g. North America, Australia, etc). Diabetes patients might carry oral glucose with them, or take insulin.

1. Brain
   Lungs
2. Skull
   Spine

"Cervical" is an important concept/area for EMTs. Cervical spine injuries can happen when a patient is moved prematurely or without caution in the field, and can cause quadriplegia.

1. AIrway
   Anaphylaxis
2. Aerobics
   Attention

This memory device helps first-responders remember the very first steps in keeping someone alive. Make sure their AIRWAY is clear, that they are BREATHING, and that their heart is beating (CIRCULATION). It's not just EMTs who are taught this; it's essential to first aid.

1. Gloves
   Goggles
2. A mask
   A stethoscope

The other three items, all wearable, protect an EMT from contacting body fluids and maybe being exposed to an infectious disease. A stethoscope is simply medical equipment.

1. Asthma
   Leukemia
2. Scleroderma
   Von Willebrand disease

Albuterol is an inhaled drug that helps with difficulty breathing caused by asthma. It is also prescribed to COPD patients.

1. A blood-pressure meter
   An oxygen tank
2. A defibrillator
   A splint

We're not sure, but we suspect this has been the winning word at a high-level spelling bee. Everyone else just says "blood pressure meter."

1. Arsenic poisoning
   Internal bleeding
2. Lack of oxygen
   High blood pressure

This is called "cyanosis," and is related to the name "cyan" for blue (which you might recognize if you work in printing). It appears first in and around the lips.

1. A DNR
   The directorate
2. Queensberry rules
   Standing orders

Every ambulance service has its "standing orders," which are procedures to be followed in the field. For example, if only a paramedic, not an EMT-B, can administer oxygen, that's how it's always supposed to work.

1. A strong throbbing of the heart
   Calcium deposits in the kidney
2. Irregular brain waves
   Signs of gastric distress

"Palpation" and "palpitation" are related words, though. They both come from the Latin verb "palpare," meaning "to touch or stroke."

1. Basic
   Biologist
2. Beginner
   Boy

EMT-B is the starting point in an EMT career. It's where you'd start right after passing your exam and being hired.

1. The most veteran paramedic
   The service's medical director
2. Whoever's running the local ER that day/night
   No one, everyone just makes the best decisions they can

Every ambulance service must have a medical director. This is an MD who sets policies for treatment and care in the field. He or she is often available by phone in case particularly tricky situations come up.

1. Biological Services International
   Biological Science Investigator
2. Body Substance Isolation
   Beyond Saveable, I (Think)

BSI is a key concept in emergency medical work. It refers to practices that keep EMTs safe from infectious diseases.

1. 80/40
   110/70
2. 180/90
   Both #1 and #2

Don't be fooled by the idea that lower is always better. This isn't so. If a patient's blood pressure is too low, like the top number, they might have lost a lot of blood, and they're definitely at risk to pass out.

1. True
2. False

Though you've probably heard of it less often than a stretcher or back board, a stair chair is used for getting an immobile patient to an ambulance. As the name suggests, it gets patients down flights of stairs.

1. Arm
   Leg
2. Foot
   Heart

This blood vessel is named for the femur, or the big bone of the upper leg. It is very large, and if slashed open, can cause severe blood loss.

1. A skeletal injury
   Low blood pressure
2. High blood pressure
   Insulin shock

Splints are used to immobilize limbs with fractures or even broken bones. They don't have an effect on blood pressure.

1. She is pre-diabetic.
   She has a life-threatening allergy.
2. She has a pacemaker.
   She is a lawyer.

"Anaphylactic shock" is a life-threatening reaction to an allergen. The swelling of tissues can close up a patient's airway, blocking their supply of air. An Epi-pen (technically, this is a brand name, hence capitalized) delivers a life-saving anti-inflammatory to stop the swelling process.

1. You do!
   The station's custodian
2. An intern
   The ambulance service's medical director

A basic duty of every EMT, upon arriving at work, is to check the supplies in the "bus." This job is shared between you and your partner/supervisor, usually a paramedic.

1. Tell him you're glad he's better and leave.
   Ask him for a cup of coffee before you go -- no point in not staying to chat.
2. Ask for consent to take him to the ER for a followup check.
   Call Social Services; he shouldn't be living alone.

Explain that you want to rule out an underlying issue that might have caused the fall, or an injury which could flare up later. But don't jump to calling Social Services -- that's pretty drastic.

1. Swollen ankles
   Disordered speech
2. Pupil size
   Both #2 and #3

It's easy to confuse a brain injury for drug use, especially if the head trauma is concealed by hair. Confused speech and dilated or contracted pupils can be a sign of either. One clue: Mismatched pupils, like one "blown" or dilated pupil, is definitely a sign of concussion.

1. At the scene of a drug overdose
   In a situation involving an infant
2. At a major emergency like a bridge collapse
   At the scene of a near-drowning

At the scene of a natural or man-made disaster, there are going to be many injured people, and those injuries are going to vary widely in severity. Triage is a way of quickly sorting patients according to how urgently they need help. Often, this involves colored tags you would hang around their necks -- green, yellow or red. There's also a black tag, to quickly identified a person who is already dead, and thus beyond help.

1. Draw a small amount of blood
   Ask the patient to hold her breath
2. Squeeze the patient's fingernail
   Shine a light in his eyes

When you squeeze a healthy person's fingernail, it will become pink again almost as soon as you let go. If it stays pale longer than two seconds, there is probably an issue with his or her circulation. However, older persons or those with pre-existing health issues might have low capillary refill all the time.

1. Clients
   Patients
2. Victims
   Any of these

The preferred term is "patient," just as it would be in a doctor's office or a hospital. As more than one veteran paramedic puts it, "The people I treat aren't victims! A victim is a patient who receives lousy care!"

1. Listening to breath sounds
   Listening to the heartbeat
2. Taking a patient history
   Touching/feeling the body

"Palpating" is feeling a patient's body for breaks, swellings, et cetera. It has to be done with sensitivity for a patient's injuries and their sense of modesty (e.g. palpitating the upper thighs or buttocks).

1. Heart attack
   Insulin shock
2. Coma
   Stroke

This medical issue, often abbreviated "TIA," is also called a mini-stroke. Patients might know know they'd had one, which can present as brief, temporary confusion.

1. Blood
   Urine
2. Saliva
   Feces

It might be unpleasant when a patient pees on you, but it's generally safe, as urine is sterile (though it can carry skin cells and blood cells it's contacted along the way). Blood and saliva are high-risk substances. and feces can carry pathogens like E.coli.

1. Corpsman work
   Field nursing
2. Prehospital care
   Triage

EMT work is called "prehospital care." You'll see this term a lot in textbooks and manuals, but hear it less often on the job.