1. guitar headstock
   mixer hook
2. half of a pair of scissors
   spokes of a wheel

The spokes connect the rim of the wheel to the wheel hub (the center of the wheel). The first bicycle wheels had spokes made of wood.

1. guitar tuning keys
   paint roller cover
2. spray bottle nozzle
   eye of a needle

Roller covers are typically made of pile fabric (similar to carpets) but there are models that are made of foam. A roller can be cleaned after each use and reused for another painting job.

1. mixer hook
   USB socket
2. drawer pull
   stove burner grate

Mixer beaters and dough hooks come in a variety of shapes, usually depending on the brand of mixer. When kneading dough with dough hooks, it is usually advised that you complete kneading by hand to assure you have the right texture.

1. paint roller cover
   tea bag tag
2. electric fan grill
   belt buckle

Rotary fans date back to 16th century Europe where they were used to ventilate mines by drawing out stale air. The grill or guard of an electric fan is a safety feature to protect against injury from the rotating blades.

1. spray bottle nozzle
   shoe heel
2. crown cork bottle cap stove
   pot handle

Original spray bottles used a rubber bulb as the means of drawing up the fluid from inside the bottle and squirting it out in a fine spray. The modern nozzle did not come about until plastic became a popular production material.

1. flower petal
   shoe heel
2. mixer hook
   guitar tuning keys

The tuning keys on a guitar go by various other names. These include: machine heads, tuners, gear heads and pegheads.

1. guitar headstock
   map legend
2. half of a pair of scissors
   tea bag tag

The headstock is where the tuning pegs are located. The pegs help to hold the guitar strings at the top of the guitar while the bridge holds them at the lower end.

1. blender blade
   light switch plate
2. pencil eraser
   brake pedal

The protective cover placed over the light switch is known as the plate. The term “gang” is used to indicate the number of switches each plate covers, for example 2-gang plate or 3-gang plate.

1. drawer pull
   flower petal
2. bicycle handlebar
   clothespin spring

Petals are actually leaves that serve the special function of attracting bugs to flowers so they can help with pollination. The term “corolla” refers to all the petals making up a flower.

1. light bulb base
   crown cork bottle cap
2. stove burner knob
   spokes of a wheel

The crown cork bottle cap (or crown cap) was invented by American mechanical engineer and inventor William Painter in Baltimore in 1892. Painter is also the inventor of the bottle opener used to open bottles with crown caps.

1. washing machine agitator
   crown cork bottle cap
2. shoe heel
   guitar tuning keys

The heel of your shoe can serve several purposes. These include improving your posture, making you look taller and allowing you to maintain your balance as you walk.

1. plunger cup
   drawer knob
2. clothespin spring
   brake pedal

The cup of the plunger is an indication of where the plunger is to be used. A plunger for a kitchen drain looks like a hollow ball cut in half. A toilet plunger cup, on the other hand, has a narrow cylindrical projection on the end.

1. blender blade
   zipper tab
2. glasses nose pad
   map legend

A map’s legend or key serves as an explanation of the symbols used on the map. The legend allows the map to remain uncluttered.

1. guitar bridge
   drill chuck
2. USB socket
   light bulb base

The USB socket or receptacle allows you to attach other devices (known as peripherals) to your computer. These devices include: a mouse, printer, digital camera and media player.

1. hands of a clock
   map legend
2. tea bag tag
   bicycle handlebar

The first handlebars used on bicycles were straight bars of either wood or metal. Nowadays, there are many different types of handlebars, many of them featuring a curved design for easier grip and control while steering.

1. pencil eraser
   eye of a needle
2. stove burner grate
   electric fan grill

A hand sewing needle has the point at one end and the eye (which the thread goes through) at the other. Sewing machine needles, however, have the eye at the pointed end. Knitting needles do not have an eye.

1. stove burner knobs
   curtain tassels
2. clothes iron sole plates
   plunger cups

A stove’s knobs allow you to adjust the heat on individual burners, the oven and griddle. Many modern stove burner knobs also serve a decorative function.

1. zipper tab
   guitar headstock
2. map legend
   cotton swab tip

The tab on the zipper is more correctly known as the slider. Sliders are often made with a locking feature which prevents the zipper from opening any further once the lock is engaged.

1. drill chuck
   light bulb base
2. clothespin spring
   head of a safety pin

The base of a light bulb helps to hold the bulb securely in the socket or receptacle. The base is typically made of metal, ceramic, glass or plastic and in some cases, the base helps to make the electrical connection for the bulb to work.

1. stove burner knob
   tea bag tag
2. guitar bridge
   paint roller cover

The tea bag tag or label makes it easy for you to remove the tea bag from your cup once brewing is complete. It also serves as decoration helping to advertise the brand of tea.

1. flower petal
   guitar bridge
2. spray bottle nozzle
   hands of a clock

Clocks with hands are called analog clocks. Quite often, analog clocks are designed without numbers but most people are still able to tell the time fairly accurately based on the position of the hands.

1. pot handle
   USB socket
2. head of a safety pin
   drawer pull

The earliest chest of drawers had pulls made of turned wood. Later on, ornamental brass became the material of choice for making drawer pulls.

1. head of a safety pin
   washing machine agitator
2. hands of a clock
   belt buckle

The history of the conventional belt buckle can be traced back to fasteners used on the body armor of Roman soldiers. These fasteners were typically strong, made of bronze and expensive. They served a decorative function, as well.

1. drawer knob
   belt buckle
2. brake pedal
   cotton swab tip

Drawer knobs are one variation of drawer pulls or cabinet pulls. They come in an array of styles and are typically used as much for decoration as for pulling the drawer or cabinet open.

1. drill chuck
   curtain tassel
2. plunger cup
   clothes iron sole plate

Apart from being called window treatments, curtains are also referred to as draperies. Curtains hung in a doorway are specifically known as portières.

1. glasses nose pad
   zipper tab
2. half of a pair of scissors
   guitar headstock

Each half of a pair of scissors has a sharpened blade and a handle. Although “scissors” is plural, we do not refer to each half as a scissor.

1. plunger cup
   curtain tassel
2. clothes iron sole plate
   eye of a needle

Irons for smoothing clothes have been around since the first century CE. The modern clothes iron has a sole plate (hot plate) made of either stainless steel or aluminum. The plate is polished to an extremely smooth finish and heated by​ electricity.

1. drawer knob
   stove burner grate
2. cotton swab tip
   propeller blade

Enclosed clay stoves were used in China from as early as 200 BCE. Similar stoves were also used in Japan from about the third century CE.

1. light switch plate
   glasses nose pad
2. drill chuck
   drawer pull

The drill chuck holds drill bits. When the bits are very thin, a pin chuck is used.

1. stove burner knob
   pencil eraser
2. light switch plate
   bicycle handlebar

The modern pencil of graphite (mistakenly called lead) encased in wood was designed by an Italian couple in 1560. The first design for a pencil with an eraser attached was patented in 1858.

1. pencil eraser
   eye of a needle
2. brake pedal
   electric fan grill

Foot-operated brake pedals have always been a feature of cars. Regardless of whether a vehicle is designed for left-hand or right-hand drive, the brake pedal is always located to the left of the accelerator pedal.

1. propeller blade
   spokes of a wheel
2. shoe heel
   guitar bridge

The guitar bridge is located at the lower front end of the instrument. It holds the stings in place just as the pegheads do at the top of the guitar.

1. spokes of a wheel
   drawer knob
2. head of a safety pin
   light bulb base

The head or clasp of the safety pin is designed to keep it closed and to protect the user from the pin’s sharp point. Large safety pins used on infant cloth diapers have an extra mechanism to ensure it is harder for them to open unintentionally.

1. flower petal
   cotton swab tip
2. guitar tuning keys
   half of a pair of scissors

The very first cotton swabs, named “Baby Gays,” were invented in the 1920s. The brand name was later changed to Q-Tips Baby Gays and then later to simply Q-Tips (with the “Q” meaning “Quality”). In many countries nowadays, all cotton swabs are referred to as Q-Tips.

1. belt buckle
   clothespin spring
2. curtain tassel
   stove burner grate

Clothespins were originally made from a solid bit of wood split at one end. The current style with two separate halves joined by a spring did not come into being until the middle of the 19th century.

1. washing machine agitator
   bicycle handlebar
2. propeller blade
   USB socket

Washing machine agitators are either “straight-vane” or “dual-action.” Their main function is to cycle clothes from the top to the bottom of the washer and back again.

1. glasses nose pad
   zipper tab
2. clothes iron sole plate
   spray bottle nozzle

Glass balls are often cited as the very first vision correcting devices, used in about 1000 CE. The balls were used by farsighted persons and acted as a kind of magnifying glass for them to view near objects.

1. paint roller cover
   washing machine agitator
2. blender blade
   pot handle

The shape and speed of a blender’s blades help to create a vortex to circulate the contents of the blender past the blade for chopping. The shape of the jar also contributes to how well the blender creates the vortex.

1. hands of a clock
   light switch plate
2. pot handle
   blender blade

Pot handles come in a wide assortment of shapes, lengths and diameters. The angle of attachment of the handle also varies among brands, as does the height along the side of the pot at which the handle is placed.

1. mixer hook
   crown cork bottle cap
2. electric fan grill
   propeller blade

The common screw propeller is based on a design by Greek mathematician, physicist, engineer, inventor and astronomer Archimedes who lived in the third century BCE. Some of the biggest propellers used on modern marine vessels are over 30 feet high (about the height of a three-story​ building).