1. Yasuo Fukuda
   Shinzo Abe
2. Yukio Hatoyama
   Naoto Kan

In the late 1970s, Shinzo Abe studied political science in the United States at the University of Southern California. His grandfather Nobusuke Kishi was prime minister of Japan from 1957 to 1960.

1. Donald Trump
   George W. Bush
2. Jimmy Carter
   Al Gore

Donald John Trump was born in New York City and attended the University of Pennsylvania's Wharton School of Finance and Commerce in the late 1960s. After graduating, Trump worked for his father's real estate business.

1. Margaret Thatcher
   Ivanka Trump
2. Elizabeth Warren
   Theresa May

Theresa May was born Theresa Mary Brasier on October 1, 1956 in Eastbourne, England. She replaced former prime minister David Cameron in July 2016.

1. Mikhail Gorbachev
   Joseph Stalin
2. Vladimir Putin
   Dmitry Medvedev

In addition to serving as president of Russia, Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin also served as Russia's prime minister in 1999 and president from 2008 to 2012. Putin was an intelligence officer for the Russian KGB for 15 years before serving in political office as a top head of state.

1. Emmanuel Macron
   Jacques Chirac
2. Nicolas Sarkozy
   François Hollande

Emmanuel Macron was elected to the high office of president in France in 2017. He is a former banker and the youngest chief leader of France since Napoleon Bonaparte.

1. Horst Kohler
   Angela Merkel
2. Frank-Walter Steinmeier
   Joachim Gauck

Frank-Walter Steinmeier served as German vice-chancellor from 2007 to 2009. His father was a factory worker.

1. Kim Il‑sung
   Xi Jinping
2. Kim Jong Il
   Kim Jong-un

Kim Jong-un succeeded his father, Kim Jong Il, as North Korea's head of state. He is affiliated with the Korean Worker's Party.

1. Giorgio Napolitano
   Sergio Mattarella
2. Giovanni Gronchi
   Francesco Cossiga

Sergio Mattarella was a lawyer, and he taught at the Law School of the University of Palermo before venturing into politics. Mattarella was elected as the twelfth president of Italy in 2015.

1. Dilma Rousseff
   Michel Temer
2. Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva
   Fernando Collor de Mello

Michel Temer was born in Tiete, Brazil on September 23, 1940. He was elected as president of Brazil in August 2016 and replaced former president Dilma Rousseff, who was impeached.

1. Miguel de la Madrid
   Vicente Fox
2. Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador
   Enrique Pena Nieto

On December 1, 2018, Mexico swore in Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador as president. He is a leftist politician who formed his own political party, MORENA, in 2014.

1. Manuel Urrutia Lleo
   Fulgencio Batista
2. Miguel Díaz-Canel
   Fidel Castro

Cuba's former president Raul Castro picked Miguel Díaz-Canel Bermudez to succeed him. Diaz-Canel became president of Cuba in April 2018.

1. Justin Trudeau
   Kim Campbell
2. Paul Martin
   Joe Clark

Justin Pierre James Trudeau was born on Christmas Day in 1971 in Ottawa, Canada. His father, Pierre Trudeau, was also prime minister of Canada from 1968 to 1979 and from 1980 to 1984.

1. Nelson Mandela
   Kgalema Motlanthe
2. Cyril Ramaphosa
   Jacob Zuma

Matamela Cyril Ramaphosa was born in Johannesburg on November 17, 1952. He served as secretary general from 1991 to 1997.

1. Ernest Shonekan
   Nnamdi Azikiwe
2. Goodluck Jonathan
   Muhammadu Buhari

In 2015, Muhammadu Buhari was elected president of Nigeria. Buhari ran failed campaigns for president several times previously, in 2003, 2007 and again in 2011. He'd previously served as Nigeria's head of state from 1983 to 1985 following a military coup.

1. Salman of Saudi Arabia
   Abdullah bin Abdulaziz
2. Faisal bin Abdulaziz
   Khalid bin Abdulaziz Al Saud

King Salman bin Abdulaziz al-Saud has ruled Saudi Arabia since 2015. He was born on December 31, 1935. One of the most noteworthy initiatives of his reign so far was allowing Saudi women to drive in 2017.

1. Mohammed Morsi
   Abdel Fattah el-Sisi
2. Adly Mansour
   Hosni Mubarak

President of Egypt, Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, was formally elected in May 2014. He replaced former president Mohammed Morsi, who was ousted following mass protests in the country.

1. Eduardo Duhalde
   Federico Pinedo
2. Mauricio Macri
   Néstor Kirchner

Mauricio Macri comes from a wealthy family in Argentina. His father, Franco Macri, was born in Italy. He is the first non-Radical president to be democratically elected since 1916.

1. Jaime Lusinchi
   Hugo Chavez
2. Nicolás Maduro
   Ramon Jose Velasquez

Nicolás Maduro replaced former president of Venezuela Hugo Chavez, who died in March 2013. Maduro served as vice president of the country under Chavez from October 2012 to March 2013.

1. Vigdis Finnbogadottir
   Olafur Ragnar Grimsson
2. Sigurdur Ingi Johannsson
   Guðni Th. Johannesson

Guðni Th. Johannesson taught history at the University of Iceland before he was elected president. Johannesson was also a reporter. He was 48 years old when elected, making him Iceland's youngest president.

1. Erna Solberg
   Olemic Thommessen
2. Leif Granli
   Jo Benkow

In addition to tending to her duties as prime minister of Norway, Erna Solberg is co-chair of the UN Secretary-General’s Sustainable Development Goals group. Solberg is leader of the Conservative Party of Norway.

1. Fredrik Reinfeldt
   Stefan Löfven
2. Ingvar Carlsson
   Carl Bildt

Stefan Löfven was a foster child and grew up in Västernorrland County in north Sweden. Lofven was elected prime minister of Sweden in 2014. He served in the Swedish Air Force and worked as a welder before entering politics.

1. Hu Jintao
   Xi Jinping
2. Jiang Zemin
   Li Xiannian

Xi Jinping has been president of China since 2013. He served as vice president from 2008 to 2013. He is also general secretary of the Communist Party of China. Xi Jinping is the first general secretary to be born since the end of World War II.

1. Zail Singh
   Ramaswamy Venkataraman
2. Ram Nath Kovind
   Pranab Mukherjee

Ram Nath Kovind's mother died when he was a young child, and his father was a farmer. He was elected fourteenth president of India in 2017.

1. Malcolm Turnbull
   Chris Watson
2. Scott Morrison
   Edmund Barton

Scott John Morrison ascended to his prime minister role in August 2018. He is the leader of the Liberal Party in Australia. His earlier career included working as director of New Zealand's Office of Tourism and Sport.

1. Yingluck Shinawatra
   Mark Abhisit Vejjajiva
2. Mark Abhisit Vejjajiva
   Prayuth Chan-ocha

Prayuth Chan-ocha is Thailand's 29th prime minister. He's been in office since August 24, 2014 and is affiliated with the National Council for Peace and Order political party.

1. Benigno Aquino III
   Joseph Estrada
2. Rodrigo Duterte
   Ferdinand Marcos

Rodrigo Duterte is the sixteenth president of the Philippines, elected in 2016. In 1988, he was elected mayor of Davao City, Philippines and served in that position for over two decades.

1. Hassan Rouhani
   Ali Khamenei
2. Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani
   Mahmoud Ahmadinejad

Hassan Rouhani became president of Iran in 2013. He graduated the University of Tehran with a law degree in 1972. He was a lawyer, diplomat, and Islamic cleric before becoming president.

1. Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono
   Joko Widodo
2. Abdurrahman Wahid
   Megawati Sukarnoputri

Joko Widodo served as governor of Jakarta, Indonesia from 2012 to 2014. He was elected president in 2014. He's the first president of the country to not come from a military or politically elite background.

1. Alibey Dzhangildin
   Kassym-Jomart Kemelevich Tokayev
2. Abdisamet Kazakhpayev
   Levon Mirzoyan

President Tokayev's predecessor, Nursultan Nazarbayev, was known to have a peculiar sense of humor during his long term in office. In 1998, he forced his government officials to endure freezing temperatures by moving the nation's capital from sunny Almaty to wintry Akmola.

1. Leonid Kravchuk
   Viktor Yushchenko
2. Oleksandr Turchynov
   Petro Poroshenko

Petro Oleksiyovych Poroshenko studied law and international affairs at Taras Shevchenko National University in Kiev. As a member of parliament, he represented the city of Vinnytsya in western Ukraine.

1. Recep Tayyip Erdogan
   Abdullah Gul
2. Turgut Ozal
   Cevdet Sunay

Recep Tayyip Erdogan was elected mayor of Istanbul, Turkey in 1994. He served as prime minister of Turkey from 2003 to 2014 and was elected president of the country in 2014.

1. Mary Robinson
   Michael D. Higgins
2. Patrick Hillery
   Douglas Hyde

Michael D. Higgins worked as a bank clerk before attending University College Galway (now called National University of Ireland, Galway) at the age of 20. Higgins was elected president of Ireland in 2011.

1. Urho Kekkonen
   Sauli Niinistö
2. Mauno Koivisto
   Risto Ryti

Sauli Vainamo Niinistö was born on August 24, 1948 in Salo, Finland. In 1974, Niinisto earned a law degree from the University of Turku in Turku, Finland. He is the country's twelfth president.

1. Luis Carrero Blanco
   Mariano Rajoy
2. Pedro Sánchez
   Carlos Arias Navarro

Pedro Sánchez replaced Mariano Rajoy as prime minister of Spain in June 2018. Sanchez studied business and economics at Complutense University in Madrid, Spain. He is a member of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party.

1. Imran Khan
   Jawaharlal Nehru
2. Arif Alvi
   Pervez Musharraf

Dr. Arif ur Rehman Alvi is a former dentist who was elected president of Pakistan in 2018. He was born in Karachi, Pakistan in 1947 and first became politically activated while studying at the De'Montmorency College of Dentistry.

1. Alan Garcia
   Ollanta Humala
2. Martín Vizcarra
   Simon Bolivar

Martín Vizcarra is the former vice president and current president of Peru. He was born in Lima, Peru in 1963. In 1984, he graduated with a civil engineering degree from the National University of Engineering in Lima.

1. Michel Martelly
   Jovenel Moïse
2. Jean-Bertrand Aristide
   Henri Namphy

Jovenel Moïse moved to Port-au-Prince, Haiti with his family in July 1974. Moise was elected president of Haiti in 2017. He first ran for the office in 2015, but lost that election because of potentially fraudulent results.

1. Jose Manuel Barroso
   Anibal Cavaco Silva
2. António Guterres
   António Costa

António Costa was elected mayor of his hometown of Lisbon in 2007. He was re-elected in 2009, then again in 2013. He was elected the 119th prime minister of Portugal in November 2015.

1. Amadou Sanogo
   Ibrahim Boubacar Keita
2. Moussa Traore
   Dioncounda Traore

Ibrahim Boubacar Keita was born on January 29, 1945. He studied history, political science and international affairs at universities in Paris and Dakar. He has been the president of Mali since 2013.

1. Carlos Alvarado Quesada
   Luis Guillermo Solis
2. Abel Pacheco
   Luis Alberto Monge

Carlos Alvarado Quesada was elected president of Costa Rica in 2018. He was born to a middle-class family on January 14,1980 and studied communications at the University of Costa Rica.