1. High-speed driving
   Other vehicles
2. Distracted driving
   An increase in vehicle traffic

With better technology in crew cabs, it can lead to distracted drivers. Technology can be good, but drivers need to be focused on the roads, too.

1. Every 2 to 3 seconds.
   Every 3 to 4 seconds.
2. Every 5 to 6 seconds.
   Every 7 to 10 seconds.

Breaths should be administered every 5 to 6 seconds for adults during manual ventilation. This would give you a total of 10 to 12 breaths per minute.

1. Pulmonary edema
   Acute myocardial infarction
2. Congestive heart failure
   Transient ischemic attack

When the heart muscles can't pump blood throughout the body, it's called congestive heart failure. This lack of pumping interferes with the proper heart function.

1. A loud snoring sound
   A high-pitched whistling sound
2. A tiny popping sound
   A wet, crackling sound

When the lower airways narrow or are obstructed, wheezing happens. This causes that high-pitched, whistling sound, as the air is traveling through the narrowed space.

1. Counting the number of patients
   Determining if the scene is safe
2. Determining if you need additional help
   Determining if it's a medical or trauma call

You need to make sure a scene is safe before caring for the patient. If you don't, it could lead to injuries for you or your partner and more patients to treat.

1. A fever and runny nose
   Migraine
2. Shortness of breath, wheezing and coughing
   Confusion and vomiting

Asthma causes you to have an increase in mucus production and a constriction of the airways. These things often cause a person to cough, have shortness of breath and make those wheezing breath sounds.

1. Used to prevent incidents from occurring
   The command structure used to dictate an emergency situation
2. Allows multiple agencies to work together by providing guidelines and common terms
   Gives the framework for the federal government to take responsibility of an incident

NIMS gives us a framework for multiple agencies to work together. It does not aid in prevention, nor does it dictate responsibility.

1. 8 to 16 breaths per minute
   16 to 24 breaths per minute
2. 20 to 30 breaths per minute
   30 to 60 breaths per minute

Newborns breathe a lot faster than adults. A normal range for a newborn would be between 30 to 60 breaths per minute.

1. White on right shoulder, black on left shoulder, red on right hip and green on left hip
   White on left shoulder, black on left hip, red on right hip and green on right shoulder
2. White on left shoulder, black on right shoulder, red on right hip and green on left hip
   White on right shoulder, black on left shoulder, red on left hip and green on right hip

The cables must be consistently placed every time. This ensures quality ECG tracing results that will accurately show the heart's activity.

1. Use a non-rebreather mask and put the flow to 10 LPM
   Start manually ventilating
2. Check his respiratory rate and rhythm, his oxygen saturation and listen to lungs
   He may be choking, so do an abdominal thrust.

He told you he couldn't breathe, so he is breathing. Assess the respiratory system to begin with.

1. Child abuse
   Cancer
2. Choking
   Unintentional injuries

The CDC reports that injuries obtained from accidents are the leading cause of death among school-age children.

1. Every 2 minutes
   Every 5 minutes
2. Every 7 minutes
   Every 10 minutes

Since the patient is unstable, keeping a close eye on vital signs is important. Timely action would be needed if the patient declines in status.

1. Pick the correct size.
   Tilt the head back, lube the airway and insert it into the airway.
2. Make sure the nostrils are large enough for the nasopharyngeal airway.
   Verify that the patient doesn't have a gag reflex.

EMTs need to make sure the right size of nasopharyngeal airway is selected. The airway may not be as effective if the wrong size is used.

1. 2 doses; 10 minutes between doses
   3 doses; 5 minutes between doses
2. 5 doses within 30 minutes
   10 doses within 60 minutes

You should never exceed the maximum dosage without doctor's orders. Higher doses of nitroglycerin could negatively impact cardiovascular conditions.

1. 10 minutes or less
   10 to 20 minutes
2. 20 to 30 minutes
   As long as it takes to make them stable for transport

Timing is important for a critical patient. Many procedures needed would be done at the hospital, so less time on the scene is needed.

1. Smaller jaw and a proportionally larger tongue
   Shorter airway and a proportionally larger tongue
2. Smaller jaw, smaller teeth
   No differences between the two.

Children have a smaller jaw and their tongue is proportionally larger. This can make manual ventilation and intubation more difficult.

1. Triage
   Multiple Victim Incident (MVI)
2. Mass-Casualty Incident (MCI)
   Mass Response Incident (MRI)

An MCI usually involves at least three patients. It's also an incident that could cause multiple casualties.

1. 1 to 10 LPM
   1 to 6 LPM
2. 10 to 15 LPM
   1 to 15 LPM

Anything over 6 LPM for a nasal cannula would dry the mucus membranes and be uncomfortable. If you need more than 6 LPM, switch to another device.

1. Manual defibrillator
   Any type of AED
2. AED with pediatric dose attenuator
   AED without pediatric dose attenuator

For pediatric cardiac emergencies, they are mainly related to respiratory events. The most accurate device for an infant would be the use of the manual defibrillator.

1. Give the patient supplemental oxygen.
   Check the bee sting for a possible infection.
2. Provide airway support
   Administer epinephrine

The patient is in anaphylactic shock, so the epinephrine should be administered. The airway could be comprised due to swelling, so airway support is needed, as well as giving the patient supplemental oxygen.

1. Ovaries
   Fallopian tubes
2. Ureter
   Vagina

The ureter is the duct by which urine passes from the kidney to the bladder, which makes it part of the urinary system.

1. Try using the left nostril after making sure it's lubricated.
   Use more force to insert it.
2. Try using a smaller airway.
   Try using an oral airway instead.

You should never force an airway in, and an oral airway wouldn't work for a patient with gag reflex. The wrong size airway would not be effective.

1. At the station until called to scene
   Downwind of the scen
2. Right at the scene
   Upwind and/or uphill from the scene

If the ambulance it upwind or uphill, this prevents heavier than air chemicals from reaching it.

1. 8 to 12 breaths per minute
   12 to 20 breaths per minute
2. 20 to 30 breaths per minute
   30 to 60 breaths per minute

A normal resting rate for an adult is between 12 and 20 breaths per minute. Anything above or below those rates would be considered abnormal.

1. EMT Supervisor
   The hospital
2. The staff who last used the vehicle
   The staff assigned to that vehicle for the upcoming shift

Before using an ambulance, the EMTs need to perform a mechanical, safety and equipment inspection.

1. Every 1 to 3 seconds
   Every 3 to 5 seconds
2. Every 5 to 7 seconds
   Every 7 to 10 seconds

You should perform manual ventilation at a rate of 1 breath every 3 to 5 seconds for a child. This would give you a total of 12 to 20 breaths per minute.

1. Less than 5 seconds
   5 to 10 seconds
2. 10 to 15 seconds
   As long as it takes to clear the airway

Suctioning interferes with oxygenation, so it should not be done for more than 15 seconds at a time in an adult. It can be repeated if more material needs to be removed.

1. Hypoglycemia
   Hyperglycemia
2. A diabetic coma
   Diabetic Ketoacidosis

The signs for hyperglycemia are very similar. However, blood pressure is usually within normal range.

1. Airway management
   CPR
2. Supplemental oxygen
   Ventilatory support

If the patient has a pulse then CPR is not needed. If the patient loses that pulse, that is when CPR would be initiated.

1. The way you bandage a wound
   A method for determining how fast to transport a patient
2. The way you determine how many personnel are needed to care for a patient
   A method of sorting patients based on the severity of their injuries

Injuries need to be assessed for severity. With triage, the goal is to do the greatest good for the most patients.

1. Documented allergy
   Bleeding condition
2. Stomach ulcer
   All of the above

Ulcers and bleeding may be side effects of ASA, but it could still be administered. If there is a documented allergy to ASA, then it could not be administered.

1. Check her blood pressure.
   Check her temperature to see if she had heat stroke.
2. She may be diabetic, so check her blood sugar.
   Check her pulse and breathing.

Since the patient is unresponsive, you may need to start CPR. You would find this out by checking her pulse and breathing, which is why it would be done first.

1. The ambulance ride
   Having procedures done on them
2. Being moved on a stretcher
   Having a splint put on or being backboarded

A patient rides in the back of an ambulance, so the uncontrolled movements of the vehicle make it very unnerving. However, the ambulance needs to get to the hospital fast, so comfort takes a back seat!

1. 2
   4
2. 5
   7

The right lung has the upper, middle and lower lobe. The left lung has the upper and lower lobe, as room is needed for the heart.

1. Return Of Spontaneous Circulation
   Return On System Circulation
2. Reminder Of Seasonal Changes
   Return Of Standard Circulation

ROSC means return of spontaneous circulation. This happens when a patient who had no pulse and was unresponsive regains circulation during BLS, CPR and/or AED use.