1. Alzheimer's
   Asthma
2. Diabetes
   Lupus

Albuterol is a bronchodilator. That is, it opens up small airways in the lungs to let asthma patients breathe easier.

1. Neosporin
   An Epi-pen
2. A pacemaker
   A tracheotomy knife

"Epi-pen" is capitalized because it's a brand name, but like "Band-Aid," it's become synonymous with "epinephrine auto-injector." Using it, patients can give themselves a potentially life-saving dose of epinephrine during an anaphylactic episode.

1. Back board
   Goggles
2. Gloves
   Mask

A back board is used for immobilizing and then transporting patients with potential spinal injuries. The other three items are all part of "body substance isolation," which keeps first responders clear of body fluids that might carry pathogens.

1. The general mission statement of the ambulance service
   Rules about how fast the ambulance can go
2. Standing orders the director leaves upon going on vacation
   A written document laying out what life-saving care a patient does or does not wish to receive

People create these in order not to be subjected to drastic, invasive measures when there is little chance of their ever recovering enough to have a normal life. Have you created an advance directive? Your doctor's office can probably provide you with a template to do so.

1. Describing the patient's complaint
   Revealing her gender
2. Revealing her age
   Revealing her HIV status

HIV status is sensitive information and shouldn't be discussed over the radio. Wait until you're at the ER and dicreetly tell the doctor or nurse who takes charge of the patient.

1. Cardio-Neurological System
   Central Nervous System
2. Common Neurological Sympton
   Critical Neonatal Symptom

"Nervous" and "neurological" are closely related terms. Here, the less-formal term is used -- and it's commonly abbreviated to "CNS." You'll hear this term a lot.

1. Bone marrow
   Corpus luteum
2. Pancreas
   Prostate gland

Diabetes is probably the fastest-growing health threat in the developed world. It's good to understand what underlies it, although there's a difference between Type I and Type II, which we'll get into in another question.

1. Anaphylaxis
   Praxis
2. Insulin shock
   Neoplastic crisis

This is also called "anaphylactic shock." Swelling of the throat and airway passage can cause suffocation and death -- it needs immediate treatment.

1. Low blood pressure
   Decreased mental status
2. Pinpoint pupils
   Loss of muscle tone

"Hypotension" is the medical term for low blood pressure. Why is this bad? For one thing, it could indicate blood loss severe enough that the tissues of the body aren't getting enough oxygen and nutrients.

1. Field testing
   Interrogation
2. Pre-hospital interviewing
   Taking a history

Medical practitioners of all types take patient histories. In the field, they are usually a bit briefer than ones a patient would do on a first visit to a new doctor.

1. The chain of command at your ambulance service
   Rules about proper dress and grooming
2. Rules for medical treatment in the field
   The name for the work schedule at the station

"Standing orders" are rules everyone needs to know. For example, are you allowed to administer insulin to a diabetic patient, or only glucose? These things both aid in proper treatment and protect the ambulance service legally.

1. Being bitten by a dog
   Catching an infectious disease
2. Back strain from heavy lifting
   All of these

There are many risks out in the field. Part of EMT training is learning how to look out for yourself and your partner, including correct lifting techniques.

1. Angina
   Aortic myalgia
2. Pinched artery
   Peyronie's disease

Angina is a symptom of heart disease. However, it doesn't signal an immediate heart attack.

1. The collarbone
   The left atrium of the heart
2. The pelvic bone
   The main artery in the leg

"Clavicle" is the anatomical name for the collarbone. Kids break this a lot, because there's not much fat or muscle up there to protect it.

1. The arm
   Near the heart
2. Near the brain
   The lower leg

We hope that as an EMT, you won't have to actually see a patient's aorta. A major artery that carries blood away from the heart, it is meant to be protected by the breastbone and a lot of chest muscle.

1. The arm
   The leg
2. The heart
   The skull

The femoral artery takes it name from the femur. That's the large bone in the upper leg.

1. Infected
   Narrow and deep
2. Wide and shallow
   Non-painful

Abrasions are wide, shallow cuts on the surface of the skin -- scrapes, to use the common term. They *are* painful ... nearly all cuts are!

1. Dehydration
   Hypoxia
2. Hypotension
   Hypertension

Hypoxia refers to the condition of the body -- you wouldn't use it to describe the environment the patient is in. When hypoxia is very severe, it is called "anoxia."

1. A debrasion
   A fissure
2. A puncture wound
   A sting

Things that cause puncture wounds include stabbings or accidental impalements. Depending on location, there is a possibility of damage to organs.

1. Type I affects men and Type II affects women.
   Type II diabetes is acquired; Type I is not.
2. Type I affects cognitive function to a greater extent.
   Type II is usually remediated by surgery.

Type I diabetes is often genetic, and stems from a inherent failure of the pancreas to make sufficient insulin. Type II diabetes develops over time, usually due to excess weight and inactivity. This is what makes it such a fast-growing health issue.

1. Confused
   Energetic
2. Short
   Sweaty

Oh no! Sweat! Well, truthfully, this can be a bad sign. Sweating for no reason means that something is wrong in the system that controls body temperature -- aka thermic regulation.

1. Palpating for broken bones
   Gauging blood pressure
2. Listening to breath sounds
   Metering a dose of an inhalant medication

"Ascultation" is a formal term for listening to a patient's breathing. You might be trying to hear wheezing or crackles. This can indicate a lot about their condition and potential injury or illness.

1. Overseeing inhaler use
   Administering oxygen
2. Stemming blood flow
   None of these

Many ambulances carry oxygen tanks, and require an EMT or paramedic to set a flow rate at which the oxygen-enriched air is released. Some ambulance services only allow a paramedic, not an EMT, to perform this duty.

1. 17
   18
2. 19
   21

You can qualify for the job at the age of 18. Not surprisingly, this means that a college degree isn't necessary to land the job.

1. Administering oxygen
   Taking blood pressure
2. Listening to breath sounds
   Gauging mental status

This gets our vote for the most unnecessarily complicated term in emergency medicine. Most people say "blood pressure cuff" (though the cuff is only part of the whole).

1. A national body in Washington, D.C.
   A doctor known as the medical director
2. The highest-ranking paramedic
   The fire chief

Every ambulance service has a medical director, who is an MD. He or she draws up the protocols for treatment that paramedics and EMTs follow.

1. That it is arterial blood
   That it is venous blood
2. That the patient has excess CO2 in the blood
   That the patient has a potassium deficiency

When an artery is cut, the oxygen-rich blood is bright red. Not all artery wounds spurt -- that is, the spurting might be over by the time you arrive, because the patient has lost enough blood to cause blood pressure to drop. Either way, you need to stop the bleeding quickly.

1. A reason not to take a patient to the hospital
   A reason not to administer a medication
2. A reason not to go on a call at all
   A sign that the original diagnosis was wrong

The informational sheet that comes with a medication will list its contraindications. A common one is that the patient is pregnant. We should note here that EMTs don't administer a patient's medication until they reach an advanced level, with more than 150 hours of training - so this won't come up for the EMT-B.

1. Checking the scene, on arrival, for potential safety issues
   A 30-second assessment of the patient
2. Ensuring the ambulance is properly stocked
   A field-skills test of would-be EMTs

"Size up" is a term used by most first responders, not just EMTs. It means quickly assessing what's going on at a scene, if it's safe to proceed and where to start.

1. Heart attack
   Stroke
2. Anaphylactic shock
   Blunt force trauma

Often called a "TIA," this is a mini-stroke. It's important to be aware of the signs, because some patients might not know they've had one.

1. Blue
   Gray
2. Pink
   Yellow

Cyanosis is a blue tint to the skin that occurs with lack of oxygen. It usually first appears around the lips. This is a sign that a patient, for whatever reason, is not getting enough oxygen and is in danger of various consequences.

1. Yes, they do.
2. No, they don't.

This is one of those questions where the answer seems so obviously to be "yes" that you know it's got to be a trick question! And it is: "Dose" is the amount of a drug to be taken. "Dosage" is the schedule on which the doses are taken. Though EMTs don't often administer meds, they do talk to patients about what they're taking -- both "dose" and "dosage."

1. Sight
   Smell
2. Hearing
   Touch

During a good size up, you won't just look around. You'll listen for the sounds of alarms, yelling, or unusual silence (which tends to be a bad sign, as most emergency scenes are noisy). And you might want to smell for smoke, too.

1. True
2. False

You have to have correct color vision to be an EMT. The ability to recognize colors is relevant to traffic lights when driving the ambulance, to triage tags, and more.

1. An allergic reaction
   A dog bite
2. A human bite
   An underlying fracture

The human mouth is shallower and wider than a dog's snout. This makes a human bite mark look a lot like red parentheses (or bloody ones, if the bite actually broke the skin. It could be a sign of domestic abuse or behavioral illness that needs to be followed up on.