Can You Score a 5 in AP Psychology?

People with anxiety disorders excessively worry about everyday situations. Symptoms of anxiety disorders include sweating, trembling, trouble sleeping, and having trouble concentrating on things that aren't related to your current fear.

Independent variables are often represented by the letter x. Changes in other variables do not have an effect on them.

The cerebral cortex is the surface of the cerebrum. It contains 15 billion neurons.

Hallucinations can be auditory, visual, olfactory, gustatory, or tactile. That means you can hear, see, smell, taste, or feel things that aren't there.

People with anterograde amnesia lose the ability to create new memories. Research suggests that anterograde amnesia sufferers process information normally, but immediately forget it.

Encoding takes information received and processes it in a way that can be stored in the brain. It is used to form short-term and long-term memories.

Traumatic events are more likely to be recalled as flashbulb memories. Flashbulb memories are vivid and people tend to be confident in their accuracy.

In 1921, Hermann Rorschach's original images were published. When taking an inkblot test, there are no wrong answers. However, unusual answers may be a sign of psychological issues.

Seasonal affective disorder is considered a type of depression. Suffers experience the symptoms around the same time each year.

The diffusion of responsibility is one of the causes of the bystander effect. Studies have shown that people take into account how much other people know about a situation before deciding to take action.

Dopamine regulates attention, learning, movement, and emotional responses. Other neurotransmitters include norepinephrine and acetylocholine.

Some materials can cross the blood-brain barrier. However, large molecules and fats do not pass the blood-brain barrier under normal circumstances.

The Gestalt principles that involve visual perception were first discovered in the 1920. Gestalt psychology believes that the whole is not the same as the sum of its parts.

People with antisocial personality disorder often antagonize or manipulate others. They also disregard what's right and wrong and can wind up in abusive relationships.

The mental withdrawal symptoms are cognitive, trouble sleeping, depression, and anxiety. Physical manifestations of withdrawal are headaches, chest tightness, palpitations, nausea, muscle tension, and sweating.

Paranoid personality disorder, delusional disorder, and paranoid schizophrenia are the three main types of paranoia. The main treatment focuses on reducing the feeling of paranoia.

Denial is one defense mechanism. Other defense mechanisms include regression, acting out, dissociation, reaction formation, compartmentalization, dissociation, and projection.

Instincts are genetically hardwired behaviors. They are meant to help us cope with environmental changes.

In the 1950s, Joseph Wolpe developed systematic desensitization as a type of behavioral therapy. It is used to treat anxiety disorders, such as phobias.

Endorphins are released when you exercise. They reduce and improve stress, help with anxiety and depression, and improve your overall well-being.

Depressants slow down the central nervous system. Examples include alcohol, sedatives, opiates, and marijuana.

Schizophrenia affects approximately one percent of Americans. In men, it is usually diagnosed in the late teens to early 20s. Women tend to be diagnosed in their late 20s to early 30s.

Episodic memory is used for recent and past events. To remember events stored as episodic memories, you rely on encoding, consolidation, and retrieval processes.

The hypothalamus connects the nervous system to the endocrine system. While its main role is controlling hunger, it also plays a role in body temperature, blood pressure, sleep cycle, and emotions.

There are three kinds of color blindness: red-green, blue-yellow, and complete absence of color vision. However, the last one is extremely rare.

In 1904, Ivan Pavlov received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Most of his work was done between 1981 and 1900 at the Institute of Experimental Medicine.

Hypnosis is a state of highly focused attention. People who are hypnotized are in complete control of their actions.

About two percent of the population experiences the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder. In the United States, approximately 2.2 people have the disorder.

Multiple personality disorder is now called dissociative identity disorder. It is thought to be a result of trauma.

Electroconvulsive therapy uses small electric currents that go through the brain to intentionally cause a brief seizure. Today, it is performed under general anesthesia.

Tricyclic antidepressants were some of the first antidepressants created. Some examples are amoxapine, doxepin, protriptyline, and amitriptyline.

Elasabeth Kubler-Ross wrote a book called "On Death and Dying." In the book she outlined the five stages a dying patient experiences, which are denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance.

Rational emotive behavior therapy is used to deal with self-defeating thoughts. The goal is to replace them with healthier and more productive thoughts.

Right-side motor coordination is controlled by the left cerebral hemisphere. Emotion is controlled by the right cerebral hemisphere.

Psychophysics studies the relationship between physical stimuli and mental responses. German scientist Gustav Theodor Fechner created the field.