Can You Score a 5 in AP Psychology?

What are two examples of anxiety disorders?

Phobias and panic disturbances

People with anxiety disorders excessively worry about everyday situations. Symptoms of anxiety disorders include sweating, trembling, trouble sleeping, and having trouble concentrating on things that aren't related to your current fear.

Bipolar and schizophrenia

Dementia and amnesia

Autism and behavioral

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Which variable in an experiment is measured by the experimenter?

Control

Independent

Independent variables are often represented by the letter x. Changes in other variables do not have an effect on them.

Dependent

Stimulus

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When making decisions, which part of the brain is most active?

Cerebral cortex

The cerebral cortex is the surface of the cerebrum. It contains 15 billion neurons.

Hyothalamus

Pituitary Gland

Pineal gland

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What are perceptions of nonexistent sensory stimulations called?

Delusions

Hallucinations

Hallucinations can be auditory, visual, olfactory, gustatory, or tactile. That means you can hear, see, smell, taste, or feel things that aren't there.

Paraphilias

Figments of the imagination

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If someone has clear memories of events that occurred before an accident, but difficulty remembering events after any accident, they are showing signs of what?

Retrograde amnesia

Obsessive compulsive disorder

Anterograde amnesia

People with anterograde amnesia lose the ability to create new memories. Research suggests that anterograde amnesia sufferers process information normally, but immediately forget it.

Dissociative identity disorder

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The information-processing view of memory states that what is the first stage in memory processing?

Encoding

Encoding takes information received and processes it in a way that can be stored in the brain. It is used to form short-term and long-term memories.

Storage

Transfer

Retrieval

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What is a type of autobiographical memory?

Semantic

Procedural

Flashbulb

Traumatic events are more likely to be recalled as flashbulb memories. Flashbulb memories are vivid and people tend to be confident in their accuracy.

Declarative

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What are Rorschach tests used to test?

Projective personality

In 1921, Hermann Rorschach's original images were published. When taking an inkblot test, there are no wrong answers. However, unusual answers may be a sign of psychological issues.

Verbal intelligence

Cognitive reasoning

Emotional intelligence

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For which disorder is intense artificial light considered the most successful therapy?

Panic disorder

Hypochondria

Seasonal affective disorder

Seasonal affective disorder is considered a type of depression. Suffers experience the symptoms around the same time each year.

Bipolar disorder

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When a group of people are present at an incident, the likelihood that someone will intervene to help decreases. What is this called?

Not my problem

Diffusion of responsibility

The diffusion of responsibility is one of the causes of the bystander effect. Studies have shown that people take into account how much other people know about a situation before deciding to take action.

Biological instinct

Situational ambiguity

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What is dopamine an example of?

Hormone responsible for puberty

Mood stabilizers

Neurotransmitters that control neural signals across synapses

Dopamine regulates attention, learning, movement, and emotional responses. Other neurotransmitters include norepinephrine and acetylocholine.

Enzymes responsible for hunger

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Which barrier is serotonin unable to cross?

Ocular barrier

Skin barrier

Hear-lung barrier

Blood-brain barrier

Some materials can cross the blood-brain barrier. However, large molecules and fats do not pass the blood-brain barrier under normal circumstances.

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What are Gestalt principles used to explain in psychology?

Hunger impulses

Memory processes

Perceptual organization

The Gestalt principles that involve visual perception were first discovered in the 1920. Gestalt psychology believes that the whole is not the same as the sum of its parts.

Mood disorders

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Which personality disorder is characterized by the following: constant trouble with authority, lack of remorse, and dishonesty?

Boderline

Passive-aggressive

Narcissistic

Antisocial

People with antisocial personality disorder often antagonize or manipulate others. They also disregard what's right and wrong and can wind up in abusive relationships.

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What is the painful experience that often occurs when someone stops taking an addictive substance?

Withdrawal

The mental withdrawal symptoms are cognitive, trouble sleeping, depression, and anxiety. Physical manifestations of withdrawal are headaches, chest tightness, palpitations, nausea, muscle tension, and sweating.

Discontinuance

Removal

Termination

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If a patient has distrust of others, what are they showing signs of?

Amnesia

Depression

Delusions

Paranoia

Paranoid personality disorder, delusional disorder, and paranoid schizophrenia are the three main types of paranoia. The main treatment focuses on reducing the feeling of paranoia.

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If someone refuses to accept their diagnosis, which defense mechanism are they using?

Displacement

Lashing out

Projection

Denial

Denial is one defense mechanism. Other defense mechanisms include regression, acting out, dissociation, reaction formation, compartmentalization, dissociation, and projection.

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What do psychologists call a species-specific complex pattern of organized, unlearned behavior?

A need

A habit

An instinct

Instincts are genetically hardwired behaviors. They are meant to help us cope with environmental changes.

A desire

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If someone wants to work on their fear of spiders, what behavior-therapy technique would be used?

Acceptance

Systematic desensitization

In the 1950s, Joseph Wolpe developed systematic desensitization as a type of behavioral therapy. It is used to treat anxiety disorders, such as phobias.

Self-monitoring

Aversion therapy

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What function do endorphins in the brain serve?

To kill pain

Endorphins are released when you exercise. They reduce and improve stress, help with anxiety and depression, and improve your overall well-being.

To make pain worse

To help rationalize a situation

To help with memory

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Which drug category does alcohol fit into based on the effect it has on the central nervous system?

Hallucinogen

Stimulant

Narcotic

Depressant

Depressants slow down the central nervous system. Examples include alcohol, sedatives, opiates, and marijuana.

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Which symptom is strongly associated with chronic schizophrenia?

Disordered thinking

Schizophrenia affects approximately one percent of Americans. In men, it is usually diagnosed in the late teens to early 20s. Women tend to be diagnosed in their late 20s to early 30s.

Memory loss

Severe mood swings

Extreme depression

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If someone is asked to recall their high school graduation, which type of memory would they be mostly likely to use?

Semantic

Eidetic

Episodic

Episodic memory is used for recent and past events. To remember events stored as episodic memories, you rely on encoding, consolidation, and retrieval processes.

Flashbulb

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What is the primary function of the hypothalamus?

To regulate impulse control

To regulate hunger and eating

The hypothalamus connects the nervous system to the endocrine system. While its main role is controlling hunger, it also plays a role in body temperature, blood pressure, sleep cycle, and emotions.

To express emotion

To regulate sleep

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Deficiencies in which system is responsible for the most common form of color blindness?

Tear duct

Cataract

Red-green system

Blue-yellow system

There are three kinds of color blindness: red-green, blue-yellow, and complete absence of color vision. However, the last one is extremely rare.

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Ivan Pavlov's experiments involved what type of conditioning?

Classical

In 1904, Ivan Pavlov received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Most of his work was done between 1981 and 1900 at the Institute of Experimental Medicine.

Operant

Observational

Educational

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An individual with which disorder may find hypnosis to be helpful?

Paranoia

Autism

Dementia

Pain

Hypnosis is a state of highly focused attention. People who are hypnotized are in complete control of their actions.

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Someone with persistent repetitive thoughts that they cannot control is having what?

Phobias

Hallucinations

Delusions

Obsessions

About two percent of the population experiences the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder. In the United States, approximately 2.2 people have the disorder.

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What is an example of a dissociative disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Multiple personality

Multiple personality disorder is now called dissociative identity disorder. It is thought to be a result of trauma.

Obsessive compulsive disorder

Autism

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Which condition has electroconvulsive therapy been most successful in treating?

Clinical depression

Electroconvulsive therapy uses small electric currents that go through the brain to intentionally cause a brief seizure. Today, it is performed under general anesthesia.

Dementia

Amnesia

Hypochondria

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Bipolar disorder can be treated with lithium carbonate and what other type of drug?

Stimulants

Hallucinogens

Tricyclic antidepressants

Tricyclic antidepressants were some of the first antidepressants created. Some examples are amoxapine, doxepin, protriptyline, and amitriptyline.

Beta-blockers

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Elisabeth Kubler-Ross believes that people facing death experiences 5 stages. Which of the following is not one of those stages?

Denial

Bargaining

Projection

Elasabeth Kubler-Ross wrote a book called "On Death and Dying." In the book she outlined the five stages a dying patient experiences, which are denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance.

Depression

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In what type of therapy does a therapist help their clients by confronting their faulty logic?

Rational-emotive therapy

Rational emotive behavior therapy is used to deal with self-defeating thoughts. The goal is to replace them with healthier and more productive thoughts.

Existential therapy

Operant conditioning

Classical conditioning

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