1. addition and subtraction
   a true artisan
2. hewing a gem

Woodworking is often referred to as the art of adding and subtracting. Since wood cannot be molded, items are made by adding and subtracting bits and pieces until you make the shape you want.

1. a lathe
   a jointer
2. a router

The electric router has become a modern replacement for chisels, a hammer and various planers. A router is one of the most desirable and versatile woodworking tools in use by woodworkers.

1. variable speed and depth settings
   specialized bits
2. specialized jigs

The secret to success for a router to accomplish a variety of woodworking design tasks is a selection of specialized bits. The bit determines the design or function of cuts made in wood.

1. Know that a quality bit will give a quality result.
   Realize that practice makes perfect and bits are inconsequential.
2. You should buy only U.S. made bits.

Bits are manufactured from various materials and their quality can vary substantially. A quality bit will produce a quality job and poor quality bits can ruin a job even in the hands of pros.

1. The arbor is the part of a router bit that locks into a collet.
   The arbor is the part of a router bit that makes a desired cut.
2. The arbor is the actual shaft of any router bit.

The arbor is the shaft of a router bit and is attached to a shank at one end. The shank is the part of a router bit that allows the bit to attach to a router.

1. A collet is the part of a router that grips and holds any bit assembly.
   A collet is the knob that controls the cutting speed of a router.
2. A collet is a recessed setscrew that holds the bit firmly to an arbor.

A collet is the part on a router that grips and holds any bit assembly to the router.

1. 1900-01-05 23:00:00
   8
2. 10

Everyone with a router should own eight basic bits. The recommended bits are; chamfer, edge-forming, flush trim, Joinery, rabbeting, rail and stile, raised panel and straight.

1. Chamfer bits cut angles and shapes in the edges of wood.
   Chamfer bits cut notches in the edges of wood for joining purposes.
2. Chamfer bits are for cutting grooves or dados in wood.

Chamfer bits are used to cut angles and shapes in the edges of wood. These bits are ideal for a weekend or hobby craftsperson to use when making decorative edgings.

1. Flush trim bits cut notches in the edges of wood prior to joining.
   Flush trim bits are for straight down cuts in wood.
2. Flush trim bits cut two joined pieces of material so that their edges match exactly.

Flush trim bits cut two joined pieces of material so that their edges match exactly. These bits are generally used to match a glued on veneer edge exactly or flush with the wood that it is glued to.

1. Rail and stile bits cut matching notches in two pieces of wood to accommodate flush joints.
   Rail and stile bits are used for making cuts required for raised panel doors.
2. Rail and stile bits cut scrolls into the surfaces of cabinet and chair inserts.

Rail and stile bits are used for making the special cuts required for building raised panel doors. Rail and stile bits are sold in pairs to create the required mirror image cuts required for end fitting.

1. Resident experts at your favorite woodworking store can show you sample pieces.
   Router owners should have a copy of “The Big Book of Routers” which has pictures and drawings.
2. It is almost universal that every router bit has a picture of the cut it performs on its packaging.

Almost every router bit or bit set will have pictures of the shape it cuts on the packaging. Advice from your local bit supplier is also an invaluable source of help.

1. 1900-01-02 23:00:00
   4
2. 5

All router bits have a shank, a body and a tip, in addition, some have a ball bearing pilot to help guide a cut. The tip makes the cut, the body gives it shape and the shank connects the bit to the router.

1. Make sure you tighten all three setscrews tightly.
   You should push the shank all the way in and then pull it out about 1/8-inch before tightening.
2. Smear a bit of light oil on top of the shank so a hot bit will come out easily after your cut is completed.

You should push the shank all the way in and then pull it out about 1/8-inch before tightening to cut down on heat transfer from the bit to the router or vice versa.

1. one
   two
2. three

Router shank diameters in the U.S. are either ¼ or ½ inch (6mm or 12 mm). There are routers that will only take ¼ inch shanks but with adapters you can use both sizes in a ½ inch router.

1. The smaller diameter ¼-inch shanks only support the most basic router bits.
   Router bits on ¼-inch shanks are only for working with softwood such as pine and spruce or veneers.
2. Router bits with a ½-inch shank will give smoother cuts with less vibration.

Router bits with a ½-inch shank will give smoother cuts with less vibration. These heavier shanks are less likely to snap or bend while making cuts.

1. Set your router to the highest speed and move slowly when cutting end grains.
   Wet the end grain and let it sit for a minute or two before performing a cut.
2. Use only carbide tipped bits when cutting hardwood especially on end grain cuts.

Wet the end grain and let it sit for a minute or two before performing a cut. This will soften the wood and make your cuts smoother.

1. 8,000 to 25,000 RPM
   10,000 to 28,000 RPM
2. 12,000 to 30,000 RPM

The speed range of most routers is 8,000 to 25,000 RPM. It is important to set the router to the proper speed because some bits require specific speeds for the best possible cut and for operator safety.

1. Follow bit manufactures instructions.
   Practice on a piece of scrap similar to the wood you are cutting.
2. You can search the ideal speed by bit size and wood type online as recommended by professionals.

Manufactures instructions will usually give you a speed range and you can probably find recommendations online, however the best way to tweak to a final best speed is to practice on a scrap before you make your final cuts.

1. one
   two
2. three

Most router bits are manufactured with either carbide or high-speed steel (HSS). HSS bits are much cheaper than carbide bits but HSS bits tend to become dull or damaged much faster and carbide bits generally last 20 times longer.

1. Always choose carbide bits manufactured by a recognized company.
   Always buy carbide bits in boxed sets for better prices and superior quality.
2. Always inspect the carbide bits carefully, looking for quality craftsmanship and condition.

When choosing carbide router bits always inspect them carefully looking for smoothness, sturdy attachment of carbide tips, and a rust-free finish.