1. EPA
   ANSI
2. ROTC

The American National Standards Institute, or ANSI, sets many health and safety standards. They are a not-for-profit, non-government organization.

1. Copper
   Zinc
2. Both

Brass is an ancient alloy, composed primarily of copper and zinc. It's used for many faucets and other plumbing fittings.

1. An implement
   A fitting
2. A chemical

A fitting is a device that is used to control and guide the flow of water. Faucets, shower heads and valves are all types of fittings.

1. Fixtures
   Fittings
2. Tubings

A fixture is a device that receives water and waste matter. Toilets, sinks, bathtubs and shower receptors are all fixtures.

1. Grading Power Motion
   Genuine Pump Motor
2. Gallons Per Minute

GPM stands for gallons per minute. This is the measure of the rate at which water flows through a fixture or fitting at a certain pressure.

1. Fixture
   Fitting
2. Flush

GPF stands for gallons per flush. This is the measure of the total volume of water required to flush a toilet or other fixture.

1. Trinket
   Valve
2. Clamp

A valve is a fitting with a movable part that opens or closes one or more passages. It regulates the flow of liquid.

1. Mercury
   Lead
2. Carbon

Lead is a soft metal that has been used in plumbing systems for thousands of years - before the health risk was understood. Lead is one of the basic elements (Pb).

1. True
2. False

Lead-free is not entirely lead-free. According to the Safe Drinking Water Act, it's defined by no more than 0.2% materials used in solders, and no more than 8% of materials used in pipe, fittings and well pumps.

1. Waste water
   Water for gardening
2. Water for drinking

Potable water is defined as water that is safe enough for drinking. It can also be used for culinary and domestic purposes.

1. 1945
   1957
2. 1974

The Safe Drinking Water Act was passed by Congress in 1974. It was created to protect public health by regulating the nation's public drinking supply.

1. The bulb
   The socket
2. The flapper

The flapper is responsible for releasing the water from the tank into the bowl when the toilet is flushed. It also seals the valve shut when the toilet is not being flushed.

1. Gravity-fed toilet
   Suspension toilet
2. Electrical toilet

The most common type of toilet in the U.S. is the gravity-fed toilet. It relies on the force of gravity to flush the toilet effectively.

1. PET
   RTC
2. HET

HET stands for high efficiency toilet. Its average water consumption is 1.28 gallons per flush.

1. Doorway
   Trapway
2. Speedway

The tramway is the channel in a toilet that connects the bowl to the waste outlet. It's measured in terms of the largest diameter ball that can pass through it.

1. Children
   Homeless
2. Those with disabilities

ADA-compliant devices benefit those with disabilities. ADA refers to the Americans with Disabilities Act.

1. Overflow
   Sewage shock
2. Backflow

Backflow is the reversal of the normal direction of wastewater from homes and buildings. This can lead to the contamination of potable water systems.

1. Thermal shock
   Hot/cold release
2. A plumber's nightmare

The large and rapid change in water temperature is known as thermal shock. This is of particular concern in showers where water can lead to scalding.

1. Resin
   Rubber
2. Porcelain enamel

Porcelain enamel is a coating used on metal fixtures, such as cast iron bathtubs and sinks. It gives metal plumbing fixtures their colors and glossy surfaces.

1. PMI
   PVC
2. POS

PMI member companies produce most of the nation's plumbing products. PMI stands for Plumbing Manufacturers International.

1. Research
   Consensus
2. Both

Product standards are established by both research and consensus. Product standards define what products are made of and how they perform.

1. Flamboyant finished
   Craft finishes
2. PVD finishes

Dense coatings of exotic metal alloys onto fittings are known as PVD finishes. PVD stands for Physical Vapor Deposition.

1. PPT
   LCR
2. BHT

LCR stands for Lead and Copper Rule. It was established by the United States Environmental Protection Agency in 1991.

1. Dual-flush
   Poly-flush
2. Maxi-flush

The dual-flush toilet is a high-efficiency toilet that gives users the choice of how much water they flush. They can select the maximum amount of water allowed by law, or less than that.

1. 1980
   1992
2. 2005

The Energy Policy Act of 1992 is also known as EPAct '92. It requires that all residential toilets flush using no more than 1.6 gallons per flush.

1. High-output
   Low-flow
2. EPA Stars

Low-flow refers to products that meet the Energy Policy Act of 1992. These are fixtures and fittings that are low consumption.

1. Timed toilets
   Exact toilets
2. Metered toilets

Metered toilets and metered flush are terms used to describe non-variable toilets. The mechanism within them delivers a precise water output with each flush.

1. Automatic compensating
   Natural regulating
2. Forced precipitating

The automatic compensating valve is supplied with hot and cold water. It provides a means of automatically maintaining water temperature selected for an outlet.

1. Compensating
   Barrier-free
2. Trust efficient

Barrier-free products are those that permit access to all users, including those in wheelchairs. This can refer to showers that do not have a lip.

1. Pressure-balancing
   Unifying
2. Regulating

The pressure-compensating valve is also known as the pressure-balancing valve. It's designed to reduce the risk of thermal shock and scalding while showering.

1. Magic valves
   Scaling valves
2. Proximity valves

Proximity valves allow for operation without being touched. This is a kind of electronic valve for fixtures and fittings.

1. Thermostatic valve
   Scalding valve
2. Perpetual valve

The thermostatic valve features technology that senses the temperature of the water to adjust the mix of hot and cold water. This maintains a safe, comfortable water temperature.

1. Categorized design
   Unilateral design
2. Universal design

Universal design is a thoughtful design scheme whereby everyone is able to use the product. Often, you cannot tell the difference between universal design and normal design, and yet it can still be used by all.

1. WaterSense
   The Water Cure
2. Pro-Water USA

WaterSense is the program that promotes water efficiency and enhances the market for water-efficient products. It is sponsored by the United States Environmental Protection Agency.

1. Caulking
   Sealing
2. Both

Plumber's putty is specially designed for caulking and sealing. It is used to make watertight seals around faucets and drains.