1. Exercise control group
   Emergency coordination group
2. Electrical chemical group
   Electrocardiogram

ECG stands for electrocardiogram. Sometimes it’s also abbreviated as EKG. A doctor might suggest you get an electrocardiogram to check for signs of heart disease.

1. Modified jaw thrust
   Jaw thrust maneuver
2. Vagal maneuver
   Head tilt, chin lift

For this case, you’ll use the jaw thrust maneuver technique. If there is a possible spinal injury, you might want to open the jaw without moving the head too much.

1. Park and call 911
   Keep driving
2. Immediately pick up the girl and call 911
   Asses for and identify any possible threats to your personal safety

You would identify any possible threats first. We all want to help someone in need right away, but in order to do so, you need to be safe (and alive).

1. Use a bulky dressing to fill in the depressed section and secure it around the head.
   Place a helmet on the patient’s head.
2. Backboard the patient.
   Cover the impacted area with moist, sterile dressing.

You would cover the impacted area with moist, sterile dressing. It’s likely that the area is open and therefore susceptible to infection.

1. Access control server
   Abdominal compartment syndrome
2. Acute coronary syndrome
   American College of Surgeons

The paramedic is referring to acute coronary syndrome. This is a syndrome caused by decreased blood flow in the coronary arteries, affecting heart function.

1. mlg
   mil
2. mm
   mg

You would abbreviate "milligram" as “mg.” 1 mg is equal to 1/1,000 of a gram.

1. Left UQ
   LUQ
2. LU quadrant
   LUPQ

You would abbreviate it as LUQ. You can always write out the words, but keeping things simple is usually better (and easier).

1. Nasal Pharyn G
   BNA
2. NPA
   NA

You would say the patient has a blocked NPA.

1. Nutritional
   Emotional
2. Mental
   Physical

Though important, nutritional wellbeing is not considered a dimension of wellness. Emotional, mental and physical are all component of your wellness.

1. The patient has equal and bilateral chest rise and fall.
   You cannot hear absent sounds over the epigastrium during auscultation.
2. The colorimetric device turns yellow.
   The bulb of the ET tube placement detector does not inflate when placed onto the port.

When using an esophageal detector device, the detection bulb should inflate to indicate that you are in the patient's trachea.

1. Hypertrophic scar
   Keloid
2. Wound with scarred tissue
   Closure wound

A keloid is a growth of excessive scar tissue over the site of a healed wound. Any injury that can cause a scar could result in the formation of a keloid.

1. Knockout
   Keep open
2. Kilo octet
   Kemetic Orthodoxy

No, it’s not a knockout. In paramedic terms, KO stands for “keep open."

1. Do not RES
   No resuscitation
2. DNR
   DNRes

Abbreviations should always be kept simple. Therefore, a paramedic will write down “DNR."

1. Rep.
   LMP
2. SIDS
   RP

RP. That simple!

1. WEIT
   w/m
2. W/T
   wt.

When writing weight on a report, you would abbreviate it as “wt.” Nothing too fancy.

1. Temporary
   Temperature
2. Template
   Temperance

“Temp.” is an abbreviation paramedics use for temperature. It comes in handy when writing long reports.

1. The result of at least 20 percent intravascular fluid loss.
   The result of 30 to 40 percent intravascular fluid loss.
2. The result of 50 to 60 percent intravascular fluid loss.
   The result over 60 percent intravascular fluid loss.

Hypovolemic shock occurs when a person loses at least 20 percent of the blood or fluids in their body. This requires immediate assistance.

1. Newborn asphyxia
   Esophageal atresia
2. Micrognathia
   Choanal atresia

Choanal atresia is a condition in which a child is born with one or both nostrils blocked by bony tissue. If both nostrils are blocked, the baby may be unable to breath right after birth and may need to be resuscitated.

1. Septal
   Lateral
2. Inferior
   Anterior

The red lead on a standard system is also known as the left leg. The red lead should be facing the inferior surface of the heart.

1. Increased heart rate
   Vasoconstriction
2. Increased peripheral resistance
   Decreased heart workload

Norepinephrine is helpful in that it can get the blood pressure up when treating a hypotensive patient. Therefore, you should expect all of the above reactions except a decrease in the heart’s workload.

1. Oropharynx
   Trachea
2. Bronchioles
   Bronchi

The oropharynx is part of the upper airway. This is the posterior part of the mouth, making it the only part listed above that forms part of the upper airway.

1. Anaphylaxis
   Epiglottitis
2. Laryngitis
   Croup

The sitting position and drooling give it away. These are all signs of laryngitis.

1. Untoward effect
   Side effect
2. Overdose
   Contraindication

A contraindication is a condition or situation that would make it unsafe to give a patient a certain treatment. In other words, it’s enough reason to not administer the medication.

1. Rectal
   Intravenous
2. Transdermal
   Subcutaneous

The rectum is not considered to be a traditional parenteral route of medication administration. Rectal administration is considered to be an enteral route, because the rectum belongs to the digestive tract.

1. Thrombophlebitis
   Catheter shearing
2. Pyrogenic reaction
   Vasovagal reaction

This is a major risk because a piece of the catheter can get stuck and block an artery.

1. Right ventricle
   Right atrium
2. Left ventricle
   Left atrium

The blood will flow into the left atrium. There are no ventricles involved.

1. Myocytes polarize and the cell potential becomes more positive.
   Myocytes depolarize and the cell potential becomes more positive.
2. Myocytes depolarize and the cell potential becomes neutral.
   Myocytes polarize and the cell potential becomes more negative.

When myocytes depolarize, this means the potential gets closer to 0 mV. During myocardial contraction, the cell potential is overall more positive.

1. Administer mouth-to-mouth
   Pull back on the needle and aspirate a second time
2. Flush the needle with saline and observe for infiltrate
   Run an ECG report

If you can’t aspirate blood or bone marrow after a sudden decrease in resistance, this might not necessarily have anything to do with a needle misplacement; it's possible the needle. Therefore, you should flush the needle with saline and observe for infiltrate, or a buildup of foreign substance.

1. Epinephrine every 3 to 5 minutes
   Continuous CPR
2. Treat the reversible causes.
   Pace the patient's heart at a rate of 80 BPM.

There is no pulse. Therefore, there is nothing to pace. Use other measures to help the patient.

1. SER
   Mitochondria
2. Golgi apparatus
   RER

The primary job of the mitochondria is to produce large amounts of energy to power the cell. This energy is created from oxygen and nutrients.