1. The drive belt might be too loose
   The timing belt tension is too tight
2. The timing belt tension is too loose
   The drive belt is too tight

The timing belt tensioner, a rubber belt that runs over and through a series of pulleys and gears, is used to keep tension on the timing belt. If it’s making a flapping sound, it’s likely to be something that’s too loose. The timing belt tension is too loose, hence why it makes a flapping sound. Given that it’s near the engine, it’s the timing belt tension that’s too loose.

1. A forward clutch
   A line pressure test
2. Checking the A/T fluid temperature sensor
   Assessing the control valve assembly

If it’s an off-vehicle repair, then it’ll be a forward clutch. The rest would require on-vehicle repairs because a mechanic would need to have the engine on in order to identify the necessary repairs.

1. Digital Multimeter
   Diagnostic Scan Tool
2. Dashboard
   None of the above

The Diagnostic Scan Tool will allow you to read light duty diesel engine diagnostic trouble codes. You could also use a laptop with interface in order to read the diagnostic trouble codes and connect to the data link connector that will allow you to do this.

1. Main bearing
   Wrist pin
2. Shop engine fire
   Piston slap

A piston slap will cause an engine noise that sounds like a knock at the side of the engine and gets louder when the engine is cold and fades away once the engine reaches the operating temperature. This also happens when there is "too much" room for the piston in the cylinder and the skirt of the piston hits the cylinder's wall.

1. Stall test
   Line pressure test
2. Control valve test
   Flex plate check

Of these options, the flex plate check isn't part of the preliminary diagnosis process. A flex plate is the round metal disc shaped component that transfers power from the engine to the transmission and is used with automatic transmissions, which bolts the engine crank shaft and the torque converter.

1. Cold weather
   A clogged radiator
2. Restricted heater core
   An electric cooling fan running constantly

A clogged radiator is most likely to cause a vehicle to overheat. That is because the cooling system will have to work double because it’s clogged, thus causing a vehicle to overheat.

1. It’s likely to have less efficiency
   It’s likely to have more torque
2. It’s likely to produce higher emissions
   It’s likely to have ignition detonate

If the cooling system operates at too cool an operating temperature, then it’s likely to produce higher emissions. There is a specific engine temperature needed in order to consume all of the pollutants.

1. Coolant liquid
   Engine oil
2. ATF
   Washer fluid

Coolant can be orange, pink or green. The rest of the listed choices can leak as yellow, brown, red or blue liquids.

1. The follower or rocker must be on the base circle of the camshaft when it is being measured
   Shims can be used to make adjustments
2. The engine must be cold for all engine manufacturers
   None of the above

The engine must be cold for all engine manufacturers. You must check the OEM procedure for adjusting cold or hot valves—this is dependent on each vehicle.

1. There’s water contamination
   There’s oxidation from overfilling
2. There’s engine coolant contamination
   Wear has been caused from friction material

If it's causing the fluid to be varnished with a light to dark brown color when checking the fluid color on an automatic transmission, then there’s oxidation from overfilling. Whether it's under or overfilling, oxidation will cause the fluid to be varnished with a light to dark brown color.

1. Balancer
   Piston
2. Cylinder head
   Crankshaft

In this case, a cylinder head will be necessary. Valve adjustment is necessary only after the replacement of any valve train or cylinder head.

1. A mechanic has to shim the head
   A mechanic has to lengthen the push rods
2. A mechanic has to increase valve spring tension
   A mechanic has to grind the valve stems

Right after the surface of a cylinder head has been machined, a mechanic has to grind the valve stems. This is because the distance has been reduced between the rocker and the pushrod.

1. Rod bearing
   Wrist pin
2. Main bearing
   Piston slap

If you hear a knock or thumping at the side, rod bearing is the cause. This will cause the knock or thumping noise at the side that gets louder when the engine is hot and stops when the affected cylinder is shorted out.

1. Rod bearing
   Main bearing
2. Piston Slap
   Burnt valve

Rod bearing is also responsible for this. A bard rod bearing will make a knocking sound that changes in RPM and goes away during the cylinder balance test.

1. Anti-seize compound
   Rust inhibitor
2. Engine oil
   Assembly lube

Rust inhibitor is a type of corrosion inhibitor made to slow down the oxidization process in metals that have been exposed to oxygen and water and have begun to rust as a result of this. By spraying this, you can help keep the engine free from corrosion until it’s ready to be assembled.

1. Mixing proper ratio of water to coolant liquid
   Checking the radiator cap for proper fit
2. Bleeding the air out of the system
   Mixing both tap and distilled water

Technically, distilled water is not required in a cooling system; this is because it has no effect on the cooling ability of the solution. Therefore, when refilling a cooling system, mixing both tap and distilled water will be the least likely necessary step.

1. The oil pump pressure regulator
   A maladjusted throttle position sensor
2. An automatic transmission fluid temperature sensor
   An open in dropping resistor circuit

The oil pump pressure regulator can cause a line pressure test to show low pressure at idle in all ranges on an electronically controlled automatic transmission. The rest of the options don’t have much to do with low pressure.

1. It must be flushed
   It stays with engine
2. It stays with transmission
   It must be drained

When removing an engine from a vehicle that is equipped with an automatic transmission, a torque converter stays with transition. If it’s not going to be disassembled, then this is the right procedure to follow.

1. Abstract
   Asset Backed Securities
2. Asset Backed Securities
   Anti-lock Braking System

When talking about vehicles, ABS is an abbreviation for Anti-lock Braking System. Basically, your breaks. ABS is a safety system that allows the wheels of a vehicle to maintain tractive contact with the road surface while braking to prevent the wheels from locking up and preventing uncontrolled skidding.

1. Curbs sudden acceleration
   Keeps body roll to a minimum under hard cornering
2. Optimizes distribution of light
   Detects slower vehicles ahead

Adaptive Front-lighting System (or AFS) optimizes distribution of light. Depending on the speed and steering input of the vehicle, the system will point low-beams headlights in the direction the driver intends to travel.

1. A Pillar
   B Pillar
2. C Pillar
   None of the above

There are several types of vehicle body structures. The A Pillar is the vehicle body structure that has the steel body panel on the side of the windscreen that goes from the bonnet line to the roof.

1. A Pillar
   B Pillar
2. C Pillar
   None of the above

There are several types of vehicle body structures. The B Pillar has the body panel running from the floor to the roof between the front and rear doors.

1. Absolute Neutrophil Count
   Access Network Controller
2. Active Noise Cancelling
   Absolute Neutrophil Count

ANC stands for Active Noise Cancelling. This is designed to effectively reduce low frequency noise in the interior and operates whenever the car is running, regardless of whether the audio in a vehicle is on or off.

1. At a right angle to top
   Bottom cylinder
2. Top cylinder
   Middle cylinder

The top cylinder is the most likely place for wear when measuring a cylinder for taper wear. This is because the top of the cylinder is where the maximum temperature is found.

1. Basophils
   Basic Activity Subset
2. Binary Attribute Set
   Brake Assist System

BAS stands for Brake Assist System. This system can instantly increase braking power in an emergency situation to shorten the braking distance.

1. Cornering Brake Control
   City Brake Assist
2. Constant Velocity Joint
   Blind Spot Information System

The City Brake Assist, also known as the City Brake Active System. This system not only provides audio and visual alerts, it will also automatically apply the brakes to avoid collision in a high-risk collision situations.

1. Oil pump must speed up
   Oil pump must speed down
2. Bypass valve will allow dirty oil to lubricate the engine
   The operating temperature of the engine increases

The oil pump must speed up. If a filter gets clogged, all of the above will happen except for the oil pump speeding up.

1. With high viscosity index
   With high alkalinity
2. With 0% Sulphur
   With low ash content

A Catalyzed DPF (Diesel Particulate Filter) requires oil with low ash content. This is because ash is mostly material left over after oil is burned in the combustion chamber.

1. Constant Voltage Transformer
   Continuously Variable Transmission
2. Circuit Validation Test
   Carbon V Tail

CVT stands for Continuously Variable Transmission. This is an automatic transmission that can vary drive ratios smoothly by using an internal belt and cone arrangement.

1. It helps prevent understeer or oversteer by managing the braking force and engine torque
   It removes diesel particulate matter or soot from the exhaust gas of a diesel engine
2. It monitors brake pedal force and input speed to determine when emergency braking is happening
   It electronically controls and distributes appropriate brake pressure to all brakes depending on the load and braking force

The Diesel Particulate Filter, or DPF, removes diesel particulate matter or soot from the exhaust gas of a diesel engine. It’s a crucial part of any vehicle that captures and stores exhaust soot to reduce emissions from diesel cars.