1. Canada
   South America
2. Africa

Livingstone spent large chunks of his life exploring swaths of Africa. His daring and persistence opened the eyes of many Westerners to African culture.

1. a devout believer
   eventually became an atheist
2. was Catholic

He was a Protestant believer to his bones. He thought it was a duty of his life to take Christianity to the people of Africa.

1. was all for slavery
   was indifferent to the subject
2. despised slavery

Livingstone was a godly man who felt as if slavery was one of the worst sins of humanity. He wanted more than anything to abolish the degrading practice.

1. England
   Maine
2. Scotland

Livingstone was born near Glasgow, Scotland and raised in a poor family. He began working hard at a young age to help support his family.

1. China
   New Zealand
2. South America

His original plan was to become a missionary in China. But a war there made him change his mind.

1. a waterfall
   an active volcano
2. a giant herd of elephants

Livingstone was lucky enough to be the first white person to see Victoria Falls, a gigantic and deafening waterfall. He gave the falls their current name, after Queen Victoria.

1. nearly drowned in a lake
   was beaten by a mob
2. was attacked by a lion

A lion stalked a local sheep herd and Livingstone decided to intervene. He was rewarded with a maimed arm that never completely healed.

1. true
2. false

The man suffered through dozens of attacks on his person during his years in Africa. But he didn't dwell on the attacks -- nor publicize them -- because he didn't want to frighten other missionaries.

1. to guide British ships into the interior
   to reduce slavery
2. to improve his missionary work

He felt that the rivers were a conduit of sorts, not just for economic improvement, but as a means to spread Christianity.

1. a local king
   his wife
2. Queen Victoria

A young African king named Sekeletu helped Livingstone with men and supplies, both of which aided the trip's success. Sekeletu's wasn't just being nice. He wanted to benefit from an economic boom he hoped would result from the white man's explorations.

1. to spread Christianity
   to find mineral resources
2. to locate trade routes

The journey lasted from 1858 to 1864, and its purpose was to find mineral resources ripe for exploitation. It was during this trip that his wife joined him.

1. accepted it as part of their culture
   ignored the issue
2. insisted that they give it up

Polygamy wasn't the Christian way, and Livingstone was adamant that the Africans give up the lifestyle. Most of them simply scoffed at his suggestion.

1. "Jesus, Mary and the Jungle"
   "God, Guns and Glory"
2. "Christianity, Commerce and Civilization"

His famous motto was "Christianity, Commerce and Civilization," a quick road map that he thought would improve the lives of all Africans.

1. to fight slavery
   to become even more famous
2. he was just kind of unhinged

The explorer was convinced that finding the Nile's source would make him very famous -- and powerful -- in a way that would help him fight slavery.

1. like he was to be pitied
   like he was a hero
2. like he was a lunatic

His exploits across Africa turned him into a national hero. He used his notoriety to begin a push for the abolition of slavery.

1. true
2. false

Livingstone was not a convincing missionary. He converted perhaps one African to Christianity.

1. totally inept
   gentle but firm
2. tyrannical

Livingstone was an indecisive and emotionally unstable leader who couldn’t make reasoned decisions. On every expedition, his followers tended to abandon him for home.

1. two years
   six years
2. eight years

For six years, Livingstone might as well have been dead and gone. He was so deep into Africa that even his family heard nothing from him for six years.

1. Frederick Cook
   Mary Kingsley
2. Henry Morton Stanley

In 1869, a man named Henry Morton Stanley set off to locate the long-lost Livingstone. In 1871, Stanley finally caught up to him and uttered the legendary words, "Dr. Livingstone, I presume?"

1. during childbirth
   malaria
2. murder

Mary made the mistake of following Livingstone on one of his African adventures … and she got malaria and died. Two of her six children were born during Livingstone's expeditions.

1. England
   forward
2. church

He said, "I am prepared to go anywhere, provided it be forward." He might have been a little crazy, but Livingstone's determination was legendary.

1. the men had accomplished the primary goal
   the expedition wasn't accomplishing much
2. Livingstone spent all of his time preaching

The government was primarily interested in finding minerals and the best routes to the interior of Africa, but Livingstone wasn’t very successful. The explorer was forced to return home.

1. true
2. false

Livingstone had a hard time keeping help around for his trips. But African slave traders helped solve his labor problems … and they benefited from Livingstone's strong relationships with the locals. They also helped Livingstone when his health failed.

1. sickness
   unrelenting rain
2. a terrible massacre

In 1871, he witnessed hundreds of Africans being massacred by Arab slave traders. The event was so disheartening that he finally gave up his quest to find the Nile's source.

1. spending too little time with family
   the death of his wife
2. not taking enough pictures during his expeditions

As he grew older, he really only regretted one thing -- not spending enough time with his children.

1. disease
   killed by natives
2. suicide

He was beset by malaria and dysentery, and he couldn't fight off the effects. He died at age 60 in what's now Zambia.

1. four months
   four years
2. a decade

His health declined for about four years before he finally died. Many 19th-century missionaries were killed by tropical diseases.

1. Uganda
   Zambia
2. London

He died in Africa, but his countrymen had no intention of leaving him there. His corpse was shipped back to England and buried in London.

1. determined
   very sad
2. hopeless

Even as the end approached, Livingstone was still determined and stubborn in his religiously-driven cause. He hoped that his work would not fade away in vain.

1. true
2. false

His observations and insights, particularly regarding the wretched massacre, made headlines in Britain, thanks in large part to Henry Stanley. In the end, the slave trade suffered due to Livingstone's work.