1. Engine block
   Manifold
2. Piston pin
   Battery cap

The engine block is the lower section of the engine. It is cast out of metal and houses the crankshaft, pistons and cylinders.

1. Flywheel
   Sprockets
2. Sparking cable
   Vacuum gauge

A sprocket is a wheel with a set of teeth on the outer circumference. It drives items like the chain or timing belt. Many sprockets are found in the gearing system on a vehicle.

1. Distributor cap
   Ignition magneto
2. Spark plugs
   Voltmeter

Essentially, spark plugs are the most important factor in a vehicle starting. They provide the spark that ignites the air-fuel mixture which starts the motor and keeps it running.

1. Ignition box
   Airbag sensor
2. Starter pinion gear
   Fuel pump

A fuel pump makes sure gasoline gets from the area where it is stored (the gas tank) to the engine where it is burned to help propulsion.

1. Switch cover
   Air conditioning harness
2. MAP sensor
   Radiator

The radiator is a reservoir that holds coolant. This is used to keep the engine cool while it is running. A thermostat determines when coolant is allowed to flow through the engine.

1. Air filter
   Fuse
2. Performance chip
   Transmission computer

An air filter ensures the air entering the engine, which is used during the combustion process, is kept clean and free of any particles which may damage the engine.

1. Engine cradle
   Accessory belt
2. Oil pan
   Air duct

The oil pan serves as the oil reservoir. It's a removable part that is mounted on the bottom of the cylinder block. To drain the oil from the oil pan, simply remove a single bolt.

1. Valve spring
   Piston pin bush
2. Water pump pulley
   Valve cover

The valve cover is bolted onto the cylinder head. It acts as a protective lid. The cover gasket, on the other hand, is placed between the valve cover and the cylinder head.

1. Connecting rod
   Timing tape
2. Tappet
   Crankcase

The connecting rod forms the mechanical link between the piston and crankshaft. It converts the up and down motion to the crankshaft's rotary motion.

1. Connecting rod washer
   Hydraulic valve lifter
2. Overflow tank
   Heat shield

The hydraulic valve lifter is a lifting part that helps to maintain zero valve clearance. It uses hydraulic oil pressure to do this and eliminates the need for valve adjustment.

1. Choke cable
   Bearing
2. Oil strainer
   Throttle body

A bearing is a curved metal piece that reduces friction between components. It comes in many different shapes and sizes and is found throughout the engine.

1. Clutch cable
   Intake manifold gasket
2. EGR valve
   Exhaust valve

An exhaust valve is a camshaft-driven valve in the cylinder head. It releases exhaust gases after combustion.

1. Bell housing
   Oil control ring
2. Radiator bolt
   Water pipe

The oil control ring controls oil consumption within the cylinder. It comes under the umbrella of piston rings.

1. Timing belt
   Water pump
2. Cooling fan
   Muffler

The timing belt is a toothed belt. It's usually made of reinforced rubber and it rides on the sprockets. It ensures that the pistons fire at the correct time, thus ensuring the engine runs as efficiently as possible.

1. Resonator
   Oil filter
2. Radiator gasket
   Catalytic converter

Oil keeps all the moving parts of an engine lubricated. An oil filter helps to remove impurities in the oil that might damage the engine.

1. Carburetor
   EGR valve
2. Oil pan
   Fuel rail

The carburetor controls the amount of air and gasoline entering the engine. For example, too much gasoline and the engine will run rich, wasting gas that it cannot burn, too little gasoline and it will run too lean.

1. Water pump
   Thermostat
2. Fuel pressure regulator
   Distributor

The distributor makes sure the spark plugs fire in the right order. It is connected to the spark plugs through high-tension leads. The distributor forms a part of the ignition system.

1. Radiator shroud
   Ignition system
2. Crank case
   Camshaft locking plate

This system helps to start the engine by generating a spark that causes the air-fuel mixture within the combustion chamber to ignite. Without it, your car will not start, let alone run.

1. Rocker arm
   Pulley part
2. Valve stem seal
   Intercooler

Found in turbocharged engines, an intercooler reduces the temperature of the air compressed by the turbocharger. This makes it denser when it is pushed through the engine, which produces more power.

1. Engine shake damper
   Air intake housing
2. Connecting rod bearing
   Fuel filter

A fuel filter will help to remove impurities that might be in gasoline which, if they get into the engine, can cause complications. All gas is pumped through the filter before it enters the engine.

1. Camshaft pushrod
   Starter motor
2. Connecting rod bolt
   Piston pin bush

When you turn the key of your car, the starter motor begins the combustion process by rotating the engine. Sometimes, when your car will not start, the starter motor is not operating properly and could be jammed.

1. Valve
   Engine cradle
2. Fan belt
   Gudgeon pin

The valves within an engine open and close in sequence to let the air and fuel mixture in. They then seal when combustion takes place and then let the gases produced out.

1. Strainer
   Oil gasket
2. Thermostat
   Fuel water separator

A thermostat ensures that coolant is only pumped from the radiator once the engine has warmed up sufficiently. It does this by measuring the temperature of the engine.

1. Piston
   Exhaust flange gasket
2. Fuel distributor
   Fuel injector

The piston fits snugly within the cylinder. It moves ups and down in the cylinder and is attached to a connecting rod. A piston will compress the fuel/air mixture in the cylinder and help cause combustion.

1. Single overhead camshaft
   Intake manifold gasket
2. Fuel injector nozzle
   Distributor cap

The single overhead camshaft refers to an engine with one camshaft that operates both the exhaust and intake valves.

1. Choke cable
   Balance shaft
2. Spacer ring
   Belt tensioner

The balance shaft is a counterweighted engine shaft. It offsets unwanted crankshaft vibrations.

1. EGR valve
   Fuel line
2. Oil filter
   Cylinder liner

The cylinder liner is also known as a sleeve. It's a replaceable, hollow tube that fits into the cylinder bore. The piston then moves within this liner.

1. Exhaust manifold
   Wrist pin
2. Intake manifold gasket
   Spindle

A piston pin is known as a wrist pin. It's a tubular metal shaft that attaches a piston to a connecting rod.

1. Pulley at the front of the crankshaft
   Piston
2. Crankshaft
   Cambelt

he harmonic balancer is the pulley bolted to the crankshaft. It helps dampen crankshaft vibration, which means the engine runs smoothly.

1. Cylinder head bolts
   Spark plug
2. Glowplug
   Camshaft

Head bolts are sometimes referred to as cylinder head bolts. These secure a cylinder head and gasket to the engine block. You don't want these to come loose.

1. Sodium cooled valve
   Tie rod end
2. Intake manifold
   Throttle body

The sodium-cooled valve is filled with sodium. duh! When heated, the sodium melts and helps to cool things down. This helps to regulate the temperature of the engine.

1. Fuel cooler
   Choke cable
2. Heat shield
   Dual overhead camshaft

A DOHC is a Dual (or Double) Overhead Camshaft. It's like a SOHC, but with an extra camshaft! This helps the engine produce more power, perfect for racers!

1. Main bearings
   Exhaust clamp and bracket
2. Muffler
   Fuel pump gasket

The main bearings are between the crankshaft and the block. The crankshaft rotates on these bearings. All their parts are lubricated by oil.

1. Steering arm
   Fuel tank cover
2. Expansion plug
   Crankshaft

The expansion plug provides pressure relief. This is necessary when coolant expands due to freezing temperatures. If the plug didn't expand, the coolant might damage the radiator.

1. Tie bar
   Rocker arm
2. Fuel cooler
   Kingpin

The rocker arm is driven by a pushrod or camshaft lobe. This transfers motion to open and close the valves, which in turn let in the air/fuel mixture.

1. Piston pin clip
   Distributor cap
2. Camber arm
   Heat sleeve

The piston pin clip is used to keep the piston in place. It is secured on both sides. The piston then moves within the cylinder.

1. Fan clutch
   Cylinder head gasket
2. Crankshaft
   Crank pulley

When fuel burns in the engine, it pushes the pistons which in turn rotate the crankshaft. This causes the vehicle to move.

1. Spark plug
   Hi-tension leads
2. Drive belt
   Turbocharger

In simple terms, a turbocharger pushes more air into the engine, which in turn creates more power as more fuel is burned.

1. Valve stem seal
   Water pump
2. Oil pan
   Radiator bolt

This pump ensures that coolant which is kept in the radiator is moved through the coolant system on the car. It will only do so once the thermostat allows it to, and this depends on the temperature of the engine.

1. Radiator pressure cap
   Exhaust clamp and bracket
2. Lateral link
   Air intake manifold

This part is essential to how your engine runs. It allows the fuel/air mixture into the cylinder of the engine where it will combust, causing the engine to run. It does this by evenly distributing the air/fuel mixture to the intake ports.