Image: LifeJourneys/E+/Getty Images
About This Quiz
Officially, World War II lasted six years. However, its effects are still being felt in our world today. From rebuilding Europe's economy and the creation of the United Nations to the Cold War and the nuclear arms race, the years after WWII saw no shortage of global-shaping events. Calling all history buffs! How much do you know about the aftermath of WWII? You may know your Axis powers from your Allied powers, but what happened in the years after the war ended?
If you know who rebuilt Europe and how the Cold War got its name, then you might have what it takes to answer these questions about the aftermath of WWII. A great philosopher said, "Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it." Do you remember what you learned about the aftermath of WWII in your high school history class? Or, should you watch The Hunt for Red October to refresh your memory?
Take this quiz to find our how much you know about the aftermath of WWII. Borders were redrawn, people displaced and war criminals held accountable. Even though the fighting may have stopped, the flurry of activity and world-changing events did not. Test your history knowledge while learning fascinating facts about the years following WWII!
Following the end of WWII, what American-funded program helped rebuild Western European economies?
European Reconstruction Initiative
Marshall Plan
Although officially named the European Recovery Program (ERP), this economic aid initiative became known as the Marshall Plan after the U.S. Secretary of State who devised it. In an effort to rebuild war-torn Europe, the United States gave over $13 billion in economic assistance. With inflation, that amounts to over $100 billion in today's dollars.
Western European Economic Development Program
Make Europe Great Again
Advertisement
Which two countries rose to "superpower" status in the aftermath of WWII?
Germany and Japan
United States and the Soviet Union
In 1945, two powers dominated the world: the United State and the Soviet Union. The two had been allies during WWII but found themselves increasingly at odds in the years following the end of the war. The U.S. had economic and military strength while the Soviet Union utilized Marxist ideology to control its citizens.
Great Britain and France
Russia and the United States
Advertisement
In recognition for their wartime contributions, which two countries gave women the right to vote after WWII?
Germany and Japan
Great Britain and the Netherlands
The Soviet Union and Belgium
France and Italy
WWII both caused and accelerated change around the world. In France and Italy, women were recognized for their contributions during the war and got the right to vote. Other social changes included the establishment of the welfare state in Britain.
Advertisement
How many zones did the Allied powers divide Germany into after WWII?
2
4
The Allied powers divided Germany into four zones. Britain occupied the northwest, and France occupied the southwest. The United States took the south while the Soviets controlled the east. As with the country, they also divided the capital, Berlin. Because their occupiers supported such differing ideologies, two Germanies began to take shape.
6
3
Advertisement
Which U.S. military leader oversaw the occupation of Japan?
General George Marshall
General George S. Patton, Jr.
General Douglas MacArthur
In the early years of WWII, MacArthur received the Medal of Honor for extreme bravery. Starting in 1945, he presided over the Japanese Unconditional Surrender. He disbanded supporters of the Japanese militarists and implemented a variety of reforms such as democratic constitution.
General Dwight D. Eisenhower
Advertisement
Located in the northeastern part of the country, which German city was famously divided by a wall?
Hamburg
Berlin
In the aftermath of WWII, much of Europe was divided up among the Allied powers with the purpose of overseeing reconstruction and the formation of new governments. In no place were the battling ideologies of the U.S. and Soviets more evident than Berlin. The two powers joint-occupied Germany, and to create separation, the Soviet Union erected the wall in 1961. It fell in 1989.
Dresden
Munich
Advertisement
Leading up to the special tribunals, what phrase did people begin using to refer to the horrors committed during WWII?
Breach of mankind
Inhumane lawlessness
Crimes against humanity
Following the war, special tribunals were held in both Japan and Germany to prosecute individuals responsible for "crimes against humanity." Most famously, senior Nazis stood before Allied judges in Nuremberg.
Heinous wartime transgressions
Advertisement
Which portion of Berlin did the Soviets control?
East
Following WWII, the Allied powers divided not just Germany but also the capital itself. The U.S., Britain and France occupied West Berlin for a time before giving control back to the Germans. The Soviets controlled East Berlin. Their portion of the city and their portion of the country worked to effectively surround West Berlin. The famous Berlin Wall encompassed West Berlin in a Soviet-effort to contain its Western ideologies.
North
West
South
Advertisement
In January 1941, what famous speech did U.S. President Roosevelt give about a new and more just world?
New World Order
Infamy Speech
A Plan for the Future
Four Freedoms
In his Four Freedoms speech, Roosevelt shared his vision for the world after WWII. He talked about freedom of speech, expression and religion as well as freedom from want and fear.
Advertisement
With the goal of preventing future wars, what international organization did world leaders create at the end of WWII?
United Nations
Although the League of Nations had failed, world leaders new a similar but much stronger organization was necessary to build and nurture international relations. Thus, they established the United Nations. In April 1945, 50 governments met to draft the initial charter. Since the UN began operating in October 1945, it has worked toward its mission to maintain international peace and achieve global cooperation.
World Bank
League of Nations
Peace Corps
Advertisement
Who was the leader of the Soviet Union in the years immediately after WWII?
Vladimir Lenin
Mikhail Gorbachev
Joseph Stalin
Beginning in 1922, Joseph Stalin led the Soviet Union until his death in 1953. As dictator, he ruled the country using his interpretation of Marxism and Leninism which became known as Stalinism.
Nikita Khrushchev
Advertisement
In the years following WWII, what conflict did the U.S. and the Soviet Union become engaged in?
Iron Curtain
Frozen Tension
Nuclear Arms Race
Cold War
Despite both belonging to the Allied powers during WWII, the U.S. and Soviet Union had opposing ideologies. Tensions grew, and in 1946, the Cold War began. The term "cold" is used to describe the conflict because no large-scale fighting occurred directly between the two sides. However, both sides engaged in proxy wars as well as the nuclear arms race.
Advertisement
In which Asian city did the International Military Tribune for the Far East try Japanese leaders for war-related crimes?
Tokyo
Beginning in April 1946 and lasting until November 1948, the International Military Tribune for the Far East indicted, tried and sentenced Japanese leaders for their roles in WWII. These military trials became known as the "Tokyo trials" since they were held in Japan's capital city. Judges from 11 countries, including the United States, handed down sentences that ranged from prison time to death.
Bangkok
Kyoto
Beijing
Advertisement
Which high-ranking Nazi official took his own life prior to his scheduled execution?
Herman Göring
During the Nuremberg trials, the Allied court prosecuted prominent Nazi leaders for their roles in WWII and the Holocaust. Former leader of German aerial forces and the secret police, Herman Göring was the highest ranking official tried at Nuremberg. He received a death sentence but committed suicide the night before it was to take place.
Hans Frank
Joachim von Ribbentrop
Arthur Seyss-Inquart
Advertisement
Using WWII as an opportunity to seek independence, which country freed itself from British rule?
Singapore
Malaysia
Botswana
India
In exchange for their cooperation and help during WWII, Indian leaders asked for the country's independence following the war. More than two million Indians served in the Allied forces. On Aug. 15, 1947, India became a free nation.
Advertisement
When Japan created its new constitution after WWII, which country's system of government served as the primary model?
United States
Britain
Even though American General Douglas MacArthur and his staff oversaw and assisted in the creation of Japan's new constitution, the new document was based on British parliamentary rule. In the new constitution, Japan's emperor had only a symbolic rule. Furthermore, it granted women the right to vote. In April 1946, Japan elected its first modern prime minister.
France
Germany
Advertisement
Opened in June 1947, which Polish museum educates people on the atrocities of the Holocaust?
Auschwitz-Birkenau Memorial and Museum
Exactly seven years to the day since the first prisoners arrived to the Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp, the museum and memorial opened on the same site. In addition to educating visitors about the Holocaust and remembering its victims, the museum also performs Holocaust research.
Historical Museum of Krakow
National Museum
Warsaw Rising Museum
Advertisement
Permitting European refugees to settle in the United States, what was the name of the act President Truman signed in 1948?
Employment Act
Foreign Assistance Act
National Security Act
Displaced Persons Act
In June 1948, President Truman signed the Displaced Persons Act which allowed more than 200,000 European refugees to establish permanent residency in the United States. Truman had several objections to the Act, most notably its discrimination against Jewish displaced persons. In 1950, the Act was amended, and the Displaced Persons Act of 1950 rectifies this exclusion.
Advertisement
As the influence of communism grew, which Asian country emerged from its civil war with a communist-led government?
Japan
India
China
In 1949, the Communist Party of China established the People's Republic of China. The Communist Party had been fighting with Nationalist Party of China since 1927. The two sides put the conflict on hold in 1937 to come together in face of the invading Imperial Japanese Army. Although all major military activity had ended by 1950, neither side ever signed an official peace agreement.
South Korea
Advertisement
Beginning in 1955 and lasting until 1975, which Southeast Asian country fought a civil war that some consider a Cold War-era proxy war?
Indonesia
Thailand
Vietnam
Although the United States and the Soviet Union never engaged in direct hostilities, the two powers took opposing sides in the Vietnam War. The USSR, along with China and other communist allies, supported the North Vietnamese army. The United States and its anti-communist allies supported the government of South Vietnam.
Singapore
Advertisement
In 1950, President Truman sent U.S. troops to what Asian country in response to a communist army marching toward the capital?
China
Japan
South Korea
Following WWII, the Allied forces took control of Korea from Japan and agreed to split the country into two parts. The United States occupied the southern part of the country while the USSR occupied the northern portion. In June 1950, the Korean War began when the army of Communist North Korea crossed the 38th parallel and marched on Seoul.
Thailand
Advertisement
Convicted of conspiracy to commit espionage, what were the names of the couple executed in June 1953?
Marie and Klaus Fuchs
Margaret and Richard Sorge
Anna and Oleg Gordievsky
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg
Implicated by Ethel's own brother, David Greenglass, the Rosenbergs were executed in New York's Sing Sing Prison on June 19, 1953. Julius had been a Russian agent since 1953 and recruited other Americans including his brother-in-law. Julius and Greenglass gave top-secret information to the Russians. Years after their execution, Greenglass admitted he'd fabricated his sister's involvement in order to save himself.
Advertisement
Referring to the split of the European continent, what name did Winston Churchill famously give the divide?
Iron curtain
In the aftermath of WWII, competing ideologies split Europe in two parts. In the west, capitalism reigned with the support of the United States. In the east, communism ruled backed by the USSR. Churchill called the divide the "iron curtain" in reference to the Soviet Union's effort isolate itself from the West.
Wall between worlds
Great divide
European partition
Advertisement
In 1949, what weapon did the Soviet Union test for the first time?
Atomic bomb
Relying heavily on knowledge the Soviets gained about the U.S's Manhattan Project, the USSR conducted its first successful nuclear weapons test in Kazakhstan. They named the project "First Lightning."
Machine guns
Grenades
Rocket launcher
Advertisement
Bringing together major Western states, what is the name of the defensive pact created to potentially combat communism?
Anti-Communism Military Alliance (ACMA)
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
Led by the United States, Western allies signed a military alliance on April 4, 1949. Nearly 30 North American and European countries signed the treaty promising to come together in the event of necessary armed action against Communism.
American European Agreement (AEA)
Western Power Pact (WPP)
Advertisement
What did the U.S. government close in 1946?
Nuclear energy research centers
U.S. borders
Internment camps
Beginning in 1942, the U.S. government began operating internment camps in the American West. Officially known as "relocation centers," the U.S. incarcerated approximately 120,000 Japanese-Americans. President Roosevelt ordered the detention in response to the bombing of Pearl Harbor.
Overseas military bases
Advertisement
Who was the first modern prime minister of Japan?
Yoshida Shigeru
After Japan passed its new constitution, the country elected its first modern prime minister: Yoshida Shigeru. The country still had an emperor but with significantly reduced power. Emperor Hirohito said his country would never again "be visited with the horrors of war through the action of government."
Nobusuke Kishi
Michinomiya Hirohito
Tojo Hideki
Advertisement
Which famous writer gave the Cold War its name?
Aldous Huxley
Ernest Hemingway
Ray Bradbury
George Orwell
In 1945, George Orwell wrote an article in which he predicted the Cold War. He said there would be a stalemate between “two or three monstrous super-states, each possessed of a weapon by which millions of people can be wiped out in a few seconds.” Presidential adviser Bernard Baruch used the term again several years later in a speech.
Advertisement
The Soviet-bloc countries came together to form a unified military organization under what agreement?
Warsaw Pact
In May 1955, Soviet-bloc countries signed the Warsaw Treaty in response to the United States and other western powers signing the Paris agreement. The treaty established a mutual-defense organization. In addition to the Soviet Union, Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland and Romania also signed.
Eastern Europe Agreement
Moscow Treaty
Communist Alliance
Advertisement
Bringing the world's two superpowers nearly to the point of war, what confrontation occurred in Cuba in 1962?
Caribbean Bomb Scare
Havana Standoff
Cuban Missile Crisis
The Soviet Union had promised to defend communist Cuba and began missile shipments to the island in 1962. When President Kennedy learned the missiles had the potential to strike the U.S., he ordered a blockade to prevent the shipments from reaching Cuba. After tense discussions, the Soviets agreed to stop their work on the missile sites in exchange for the U.S.'s promise to never invade Cuba.
Struggle for Cuba
Advertisement
Following the Cuban Missile Crisis, what did the U.S. and Soviet Union agree to ban?
Spread of communism
Above-ground nuclear weapons testing
In the aftermath of the Cuban Missile Crisis, it was evident neither side wanted to engage in nuclear warfare for the fear of mutual destruction. The U.S. and Soviet Union signed the Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty of 1963, which forbade above-ground nuclear weapons testing.
Capitalism in the USSR
Direct military confrontation
Advertisement
Which Middle Eastern country did the Soviet Union invade in December 1979?
Turkey
Afghanistan
In support of the Afghan communist government, the USSR sent troops to fight the anti-communist Muslim guerrillas as part of the Afghan War. The Soviets occupied the country until February 1989.
Israel
Iran
Advertisement
Beginning in the late 1980s, which Soviet leader started to democratize the USSR's political system?
Mikhail Gorbachev
After years of building up arms and competing for world influence, Mikhail Gorbachev and his administration began to ease the tensions of the Cold War as they dismantled the totalitarian practices of the Soviet Union. In 1991, the Soviet Union collapsed.
Joseph Stalin
Nikita Khrushchev
Leonid Brezhnev
Advertisement
After the collapse of the Soviet Union, how many new countries were created?
7
22
15
When the Soviet Union finally collapsed in 1991, 15 new countries gained their independence. Among those countries was Russia, which went onto democratically elect an anticommunist leader. The fall of the Soviet Union marked the end of the Cold War.
3
Advertisement
In what year did the Berlin Wall come down?
1987
1991
1985
1989
As part of Eastern Europe's democratization, East Germany's Soviet-backed communist leadership lost power in October 1989. Less than a month later, the government began allowing free travel between East and West Germany.
Advertisement
You Got:
/35
