1. Petroleum and related products
   Dairy, eggs and honey
2. Furs and fish
   Exotic birds and reptiles

Petroleum and petroleum products are New Zealand's primary imports. As of 2011, most of them came from Australia (19 percent), followed by China (15 percent). Other major imports include machinery, vehicles, plastics and electronics.

1. The United States
   Great Britain
2. Australia
   Denmark

Britain's Colony of New Zealand existed from 1841 to 1907. New Zealand was granted the right to govern itself in 1852. The country doesn't have an "Independence Day" to celebrate, as independence came about in small steps.

1. The British pound
   The euro
2. The U.S. dollar
   The New Zealand dollar

Before 1967, the currency was the New Zealand pound, but once it was decimalized (divided into 100 cents), it became the New Zealand dollar. In local slang, it's called "the kiwi."

1. His achievements in chemistry
   His groundbreaking welfare programs
2. His achievements in mountaineering
   His accomplishments as a jazz musician

Sir Edmund Hillary, a beekeeper and philanthropist, became known around the world when he and Tenzing Norgay (his Sherpa guide) became the first people to scale Mount Everest in 1953. Afterward, Hillary devoted much of his life to improving health and education programs for Nepal's Sherpa people.

1. Harry Potter and the Sorceror's Stone
   Jurassic Park 3
2. The Mummy Returns
   The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring

The Fellowship of the Ring (as well as the rest of the Lord of the Rings Trilogy) was filmed entirely in New Zealand. The Shire was located in the bucolic dairy farmlands around the town of Matamata, and the Elvin city of Rivendell was in Wellington's Kaitoke National Park.

1. College tuition scholarships
   Old age pensions
2. Housing for veterans
   Food stamps

Germany offered a contributory pension before New Zealand did, but New Zealand's was the first funded by general taxation. It was implemented under liberal Prime Minister Richard Seddon and granted to elderly persons deemed to have good character.

1. ban slavery
   grant women the right to vote
2. introduce universal health care
   commemorate native chieftains on national postage stamps

New Zealand's women were granted the right to vote in 1893, whereas the U.S.'s women weren't granted that right until 1920. It wasn't until 2011 that Saudi Arabia finally allowed its women to vote.

1. Jacinda Aldern
   David Lange
2. Queen Elizabeth II
   Scott Morrison

Although New Zealand is almost completely independent from Britain, it is technically a constitutional monarchy and still retains Queen Elizabeth as its official head of state. She acts on the counsel of New Zealand's governing bodies.

1. Jacinda Ardern
   David Lange
2. Angela Merkel
   Scott Morrison

Jacinda Ardern of the Labour Party took office in 2017 at age 37, becoming New Zealand's youngest leader in 150 years. She is New Zealand's third female Prime Minister and has been praised for taking action against racism, sexism, homophobia and violence.

1. A mosque
   A church
2. A college campus
   A protest march

Two attacks took place in Christchurch on March 15th, 2019, the first at the Al Noor Mosque and the second at the Linwood Islamic Centre. 51 people in total were killed, making this the deadliest act of terrorism in modern New Zealand history.

1. The British versus the French
   The Māori versus the Samoans
2. The British versus European-New Zealanders seeking independence
   The Maori versus the New Zealand government

Various small conflicts sprung up locally over land purchases and eventually escalated into a nationwide conflict in which various Māori peoples and their allies fought against the colonial government and British imperial forces (with some Māori allies). The British/colonial forces came out on top.

1. The Flagstaff War
   The Wairau Affray
2. The First Taranaki War
   The Battle of Manners Street

The Battle of Manners street was a riot and that took place in Wellington, New Zealand in 1943 during World War II. Brawls broke out between New Zealand servicemen and American servicemen stationed there when some Americans became angry that Māori soldiers were permitted to use the military social club alongside Caucasians.

1. A tattooing tradition
   A type of sacred war dance
2. A cooking tradition passed from mother to daughter
   A type of "written" language that uses string tied in various types of knots

Ta Moko tattoos appear on various parts of the body, but especially the face and head, as those are considered the most sacred parts of the body. They are inscribed with chisels rather than punctures, which leaves the skin grooved rather than smooth.

1. Several players were caught using steroids.
   Many people believed that the referee made an incorrect call at a deciding moment.
2. Most New Zealanders disagreed with their opposing country's racist policies.
   Many homeless people were displaced to make room for rugby fields.

Although South African team Springbok was considered New Zealand's principle rival, South Africa still upheld the severely racially segregated system known as apartheid in 1981. Springbok's New Zealand tour sparked many protests, and afterward, the two countries did not engage in sporting competitions until after apartheid ended in 1994.

1. 1702
   1799
2. 1870
   1904

The first rugby match took place on May 14th, 1870 between the Nelson Football Club and a team from Nelson College. It was introduced by Charles Monro, who had played in England while he was studying there.

1. Ernest Rutherford
   Marie Curie
2. Sir Edmund Hillary
   David Lange

Following the discovery of radioactivity in 1896, Ernest Rutherford made several important discoveries, including the existence of alpha and beta radiation. In 1902, he and Frederick Soddey put out the groundbreaking theory that elements could break down and be transformed into other elements.

1. The country was named after one of its early British governors.
   A mispronunciation of the Māori word for "island"
2. A Dutch province
   A German merchant who funded early explorations of the country

The first European to sight New Zealand was a Dutch explorer, and it went down on Dutch maps as "Nova Zeelandia," which was later anglicized. Zeeland is a province in the Netherlands that translates roughly to "Sealand".

1. A dance, and the equipment used with it
   The church and its congregation
2. A talking goldfish that appears in many folktales
   A formal type of excommunication

Poi is a type of dance and performing art that involves swinging weights on tethers, also called poi. These were traditionally made by tying a ball of raupo (a type of plant) to a rope made of flax, but now can be constructed of various materials, including fire. Some performances feature extensive choreography; others are done by solo artists.

1. Petroleum and petroleum products
   Furs and fish
2. Dairy, eggs and honey
   Exotic birds and reptiles

Dairy, eggs and honey make up about 26.5 percent of the country's exports. Meat is second, at 13.5 percent. Fruits, vegetables, nuts, wood and paper products are all significant exports as well.

1. Paula Abdul
   Jacinda Ardern
2. Nancy Wake
   Lorde

Born Ella Marija Lani Yelich-O'Connor, Lorde was only 16 years old when she released "Royals" in 2013, making her the youngest number one solo artist the U.S. charts had seen in 26 years. She grew up in Devonport, a seaside suburb inside the city of Auckland, New Zealand.

1. The Hawke's Bay Earthquake
   The Auckland Tsunami
2. Hurricane James
   The Great Fire (of 1931)

Also called the Napier Earthquake, the Hawke's Bay Earthquake occurred on February 3, 1931, centered about 15km north of the city of Napier. With a magnitude of 7.8 on the Richter scale and lasting two-and-a-half minutes, it killed hundreds, injured thousands and leveled countless buildings in Napier and nearby Hastings.

1. Land of Two Islands
   Land of the Kiwi Bird
2. Land of the Seafaring People
   Land of the Long White Cloud

"Land of the Long White Cloud" refers to the clouds that helped Polynesian explorers discover the land mass. Originally, it only referred to North Island, but since the late 1800s, it's referred to the country as a whole.

1. Wellington
   Auckland
2. Christchurch
   Dunedin

Found on the southwestern tip of New Zealand's North Island, Wellington is the second most populated urban area in the country. (Auckland is the first.) It takes its name from Arthur Wellesley, the First Duke of Wellington and two-time Prime Minister of Britain in the 19th century. The city is known for its postcard-perfect scenery, high windspeeds and was once dubbed "the coolest little capital in the world."

1. A flightless bird that is a national symbol of New Zealand
   The kiwi fruit, which New Zealanders consume more of per capita than any other nation
2. It translates roughly to "island people" in Māori
   It commemorates Captain Kiwi, who led New Zealand's colonial revolution

The kiwi bird (Latin name: Apteryx, or "wingless") is a ratite, a classification of mostly large, predominantly-flightless birds that also includes ostriches and emus. The kiwi, which is about the size of a chicken, is much smaller and shorter-legged than most of its relatives.

1. Being the first person in history to climb all three of the world's highest mountains
   As a singer-songwriter and iconic rock musician
2. Being an ardent supporter of women's suffrage
   Revolutionizing health care

Finn founded the wildly popular New Zealand rock band Crowded House, and they saw worldwide success in the '80s and '90s. They sold over ten million albums worldwide.

1. The Northern War
   The Wellington and Whanganui Wars
2. The Battle of Tauranga
   The Battle of Manners Street

Also known as the Flagstaff War, the Northern War took place in the far north of the country near the Bay of Islands between March of 1845 and January of 1846 between British New Zealanders and Māori peoples who felt that the crown had overstepped its recognized rights.

1. around 600
   about 50
2. Three , plus a few tiny ones with no permanent residents
   One, plus a few tiny ones with no permanent residents

It's hard to count 'em all, but 600 is the going estimate. Of these, South Island and North Island make up the vast majority of the country's area (103,733 square miles), at about 56 percent and about 42 percent respectively. The next largest is Stewart Island at just 0.6 percent.

1. Four days
   One year
2. 42 years
   127 years

Captain James Cook arrived in New Zealand in 1769, long after the island was first put on European maps in 1642. It would be the first of Cook's three voyages to that region of the Pacific.

1. A type of oven
   A traditional greeting
2. The term for a bowling alley
   A dance with fire

The hangi refers to a type of oven and cooking methodology used by the Māori people, whereupon food is cooked using heated rocks buried in a pit oven. When speaking, be careful not to confuse this with the hongi, which is another important aspect of Maori culture!

1. Waikato
   Ngāpuhi
2. Tūhoe
   Te Arawa

In the 2013 census, 125,601 New Zealand Māori identified with this iwi. Ngāti Porou is the second most populous iwi at 71,049 people. At the time of the census, one in seven people living in New Zealand were of Māori ethnicity.

1. Ferdinand Magellan
   Abel Tasman
2. William Hobson
   Ibn Battuta

Abel Tasman was a Dutch explorer who came upon New Zealand while in the service of the Dutch East India Company. He is also credited as the first European to sight Tasmania, Tonga and the Fiji Islands.

1. The Treaty of Waitangi
   The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
2. The Treaty of Auckland
   The Treaty of Christchurch

The treaty was signed five years after the Māori declared independence from the British. It was intended to form a foundation of partnership between the two groups coexisting on the island. The signing of the treaty was a monumental moment in New Zealand's history, although there has been much controversy and debate over the years about how well its spirit has been upheld and how well the Māori have fared in this partnership.

1. A type of oven
   A traditional greeting
2. A choreographed dance
   A collection of oral histories

The hongi is a traditional and symbolic Māori greeting whereupon two people press their noses and foreheads together and exchange a symbolic "ha." This translates roughly to "breath of life." This can occur between Māori and non-Māori people. U.S. President Obama and New Zealand Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern shared a hongi when Obama visited New Zealand in 2018.

1. Whatahoro
   Hono Heke
2. Kupe
   Te Puea Herangi

Kupe is a legendary figure in the oral histories of many Māori iwi (tribes). Many have him arriving with the wave of Polynesians that is generally accepted to have first settled New Zealand between 1200 and 1300 AD, but some say he found New Zealand several centuries earlier.

1. The Samoans
   The Tongans
2. The Tuvala
   The Māori

The Māori are a Polynesian people that arrived in New Zealand in the 13th century. The traveled via waka hourua ("traveling canoe") from Hawaiki, the ancestral Māori homeland that isn't on modern maps, but historians usually identify as Tahiti.