1. Civil War
   Revolutionary​ War
2. Great War

Benedict Arnold is perhaps the most famous traitor in American history. The turncoat general became disillusioned with the American cause.

1. Maintains
2. Shifts

A turncoat is someone who shifts loyalty or allegiance. They betray or desert an original cause for a new one.

1. Nautical
   Military
2. Colloquial

"Turncoat" is a military term. Opposing armies wear different colors to prevent friendly fire. A turncoat literally changes the coat that they're wearing.

1. Painted them
   Burned them
2. Turned them inside out

During the 17th century, Oliver Cromwell's soldiers turned their coats inside out. This was so they could match the colors of the Royal army.

1. Yes
2. No

There are similarities and differences. Turncoats often change sides in groups, sometimes because of one powerful leader. They move from one cause to another.

1. Outlaw
   Renegade
2. Pugilist

"Turncoat" is often associated with the term "renegade." It is one who changes principles or party.

1. Caesar
   Judas
2. Demetrius

No one wants to be called a Judas. Perhaps the most notorious and hated traitor of all time was Judas Iscariot.

1. The Mona Lisa
   The Last Supper
2. Madonna and Her Child

Judas famously appears in "The Last Supper." You can just see him there, plotting, at the end of the table. That cad.

1. Roman Seldes
   Guy Fawkes
2. Rupert Frost

Don't get anyone started on Guy Fawkes. His name is associated with the Gunpowder Plot in Britain. Talk about getting caught!

1. Jail
   Death
2. Manual labor

Guy Fawkes was supposed to be drawn and quartered, but he managed to escape! He committed suicide instead.

1. Publius
   Brute
2. Michael

“Et tu, Brute? Then fall, Caesar!” This is a famous line from Shakespeare's "Julius Caesar." Brutus was a notorious traitor in history.

1. Meniscus​
   Cassius
2. Decimus

Brutus' famous co-conspirator was Cassius. Together, they stabbed the crap out of Caesar. And Satan smiled.

1. Wang Jingwei
   Chiang Kai-shek
2. Keto Hanimoto

Wang Jingwei is one of the most famous traitors in Chinese history. He formed his own government, creating an Imperial Japanese puppet state.

1. Vidkun Quisling
   Hans Redicum
2. Lawrence O'Neal

Vidkun Quisling is a notorious Norwegian traitor. He founded a fascist party called the National Gathering.

1. Mama Julia
   Rosa Escalante
2. Doña Marina

Doña Marina was famous for basically handing her people over to the vicious Spanish conquistadors. She was the translator and mistress to Hernan Cortes.

1. Chile
   Canada
2. The Aztec Empire

Thanks to that low-life Doña Marina, Cortes was able to conquer the Aztec Empire and seriously destroy some people in the process. She is known​ as La Malinche thanks to her betrayal.

1. New York City
   West Point
2. A fleet of horses

Benedict Arnold is famous for offering West Point to the British, to the tune of 20,000 pounds. He would go on to weaken the defenses of the strategic fort.

1. Reviled by
   A hero to
2. A useless soldier to

Benedict Arnold was an American hero, until he took a turn for the worst. He was considered a brilliant and brave American general.

1. Winston Churchill
   Marshal Pétain
2. Franklin Roosevelt

Marshal Pétain was famous for saying this to the French people, after meeting with Hitler. He became one of the greatest betrayers in history.

1. Leon
   Vichy
2. Paris

Marshal Pétain placed his fascist government in Vichy. He was responsible for passing anti-Semitic laws in France. There's a special place in hell for him this very moment.

1. Rival
   Cousin
2. Friend

Before killing Caesar, Brutus was actually Caesar's dear friend. Then he literally stabbed him in the back.

1. The twelve apostles
   Jesus' brothers
2. Rome's best soldiers

To make matters worse, Judas Iscariot was one of the twelve apostles. He betrayed Jesus after dinner in the garden of Gethsemane.

1. Fled to Africa
   Killed himself
2. Repented his deeds and lived a long, peaceful life

Sometime​ after the horror of the crucifixion, Judas committed suicide. He had already given away the money that came from his betrayal.

1. Yes
2. No

After the overthrow of the last Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlavi's regime, the people of Iran did a 180. They embraced the unbridled fervor of Ayatollah Khomeini's regime.

1. Fascists
   Capitalists
2. Liberals

A great example of turncoating. Many officials in the USSR, once it fell, quickly switched from communism to capitalism. They are known as former apparatchiks.

1. Yes
2. No

Perhaps the most egregious case of dirty turncoats, many Nazis quickly shifted their beliefs and tried to erase their Nazi pasts. Fat chance.

1. Embracing the past
2. Burying the past

Turncoats are very much associated with burying, rewriting or denying the past. A turncoat is often afraid of the past and the truth.

1. Leaders
   Soldiers
2. Civilians

Leaders are often first to become turncoats. That's because they have access to private information, so they can see when a situation is hopeless.

1. Fear
   Insecurity
2. Both

Traitors and turncoats are very much motivated by fear and insecurity. Sometimes a person becomes a turncoat merely for survival.

1. Josh Constable
   Martin James Monti
2. Michael C. Chapman

Martin James Monti has the regrettable title of the American Nazi. He was the only American military officer that defected to the Axis in WWII.

1. James Thatcher
   Robert Stills
2. McKinley Nolan

McKinley Nolan was a bizarre case of an American becoming a Communist in the Vietnam War. He slipped away from his base camp and turned himself into the Viet Cong.

1. John Walker Lindh
   Peter Steinman
2. Hector Diaz

John Walker Lindh said that his name was Abd-al-Hamid when soldiers found him. He was raised in Marin County, CA, but he converted to Islam as a teen.

1. Charles Grover
   David Fagen
2. Bertrum Chance

In 1899, Fagen defected to the Filipino army. Once there, he was known as an "Insurecto Captain."

1. Alabama
   South Carolina
2. New York

Talk about a Yankee Confederate! He married into a wealthy Virginia family, and the rest is history. He was bought.

1. A Frenchman
   An Irishman
2. A Brit

Irishman John Patrick Riley famously joined the Mexican Army before the Mexican War with America. Apparently, it was anti-Irish bigotry that made him do it.