1. Baler
   Till
2. Hoe
   Aerate

Farmers know that the earth doesn't make it easy to grow crops. It requires breaking up the soil, loosening it to allow air and moisture to move properly using techniques like tilling, hoeing and aerating.

1. 3 Pints
   32 Quarts
2. 400 Gallons
   1,000 Acres

A bushel is a traditional method of measuring crops, with one bushel equal to 32 quarts. Today, bushel values vary by commodity, so one bushel could be 35 pounds of corn, 60 pounds of wheat or 42 pounds of apples.

1. Baler
   Plow
2. Harrow
   Seed drill

A baler is used to form hay into bundles known as bales, which may be square, round or rectangular. This makes it much easier to move and store the hay than if it were left loose.

1. Planting seeds
   Dividing seeds into pieces
2. Helping seeds resist drought
   Removing seeds that didn't grow

A seed drill is pulled behind a tractor. It's used to accurately place seeds at specific depths and intervals during planting.

1. Corn
   Wheat
2. Beans
   Apples

Orchards are specialty farms used for growing fruits or nuts. This is similar to the way that a vineyard is used to grow grapes for winemaking, consumption or making juice or raisins.

1. Guide cattle
   Brand cows
2. Level soil
   House livestock

A harrow is a large, medieval-looking device equipped with spiked spirals. When pulled behind a tractor, the harrow levels the soil and helps to break up weeds.

1. Modified
   Medium
2. Million
   Minimum

GMOs, or genetically modified organisms, are a hot topic of debate in agriculture. In farming, this term often applies to seeds that have been engineered in a lab to perform better than their natural form in terms of pest or weed resistance.

1. Avocado
   Corn
2. Wheat
   Soybeans

A commodity crop is one that can be traded easily on the international market, like corn, wheat or soybeans. The opposite of this a specialty crop, such as saffron, artichokes or avocado.

1. Soil
   Sand
2. Air
   Water

Hydroponics is the practice of growing plants in water rather than in soil. It's an effective form of farming because it saves space, reduces problems with pests or weeds and provides a stable and versatile growing environment.

1. Kill bugs
   Kill weeds
2. Kill GMOs
   Reduce irrigation needs

Herbicides are chemicals designed to kill weeds without killing crops. They are often used in conjunction with pesticides, which take out crop-eating insects.

1. A female sheep
   A young female cow
2. A male goat
   Any donkey

A heifer is a young female cow who hasn't yet had a calf. Once she gives birth to an offspring, she is a cow rather than a heifer.

1. Solstice
   Subsistence
2. Fallow
   GMO

If you have a dream of buying your own plot and living off the land, consider subsistence farming. This type of agriculture involves a family farming the land to feed only themselves -- as opposed to a commercial farm, where crops are grown to sell.

1. Oil
   Coal
2. Ethanol
   Natural gas

Biofuel is an alternative fuel source made from fermented carbs like corn, sugarcane or trees and grasses. Fuels like ethanol represent another potential income source for farmers looking to carve out a living.

1. Five acres
   27 acres
2. 444 acres
   1 million acres or more

While 911 million acres of the country is covered in farmland, the average U.S. farm in 2017 measured just around 444 acres. The vast majority of production comes from large family farms making $1 million or more in annual sales.

1. Moisture
   Temperature
2. Calendar
   Color

Farmers traditionally determine when to harvest corn based on moisture. When the moisture levels in the crop measure between 15 and 34 percent, the corn is ready for harvest. The exact moisture range for a farmer is based on what type of grain drying and storage equipment he is using.

1. Harrow
   Fallow
2. Barren
   Arable

Crop rotation is important for maintaining a farm that can be used for extended periods. Sometimes parcels of land are left fallow, and unseeded, which allows the land to recover and regenerate.

1. Holstein
   Black Angus
2. Highland
   Red Angus

Black angus cows are the most common in the U.S., while holstein cows are the most common dairy cows. These are just two of the 80 cow breeds common in the U.S., and the 250 breeds found around the world.

1. 1 Percent
   10 Percent
2. 25 Percent
   95 Percent

Around 25 percent of all output from U.S. farms is exported, according to the American Farm Bureau Federation. This provides an additional opportunity for farmers seeking a market for their products.

1. 1.2
   3.0
2. 6.3
   10.5

Soil pH means a great deal when it comes to a successful crop yield. Soybeans grow best when pH measures between 6.3 and 6.5, according to the Michigan State University Extension.

1. Grade A
   Grade B
2. Both
   Neither

Dairy grades help us understand what milk can be used for. Milk marked Grade A is designed for drinking, while Grade B milk can only be used to manufacture products like cheese and butter.

1. 10
   100
2. 200
   400

Farming subsidies were introduced around the time of the Great Depression to help keep farms afloat in times of difficulty. A 2018 article in Forbes reveals that more than 400 farms in the U.S. receive subsidies of $1 million a year or more. Between 2008 and 2018, the top 10 subsidized farms received an average of $1.8 million annually.

1. 100
   151
2. 276
   365

No, chickens don't lay an egg a day. Some estimates consider 300 eggs a year to be a solid run for a standard chicken, while a USDA study outlined in a 2016 New York Times article puts the U.S. averages at 276 eggs per chicken annually.

1. Wheat
   Potaoes
2. Corn
   Saffron

Saffron, which comes from the crocus flower, is highly profitable. It takes about a quarter acre to generate one pound of this yellow spice, which sells for between $5,000 and $10,000 per pound. Other uber-profitable crops include lavender and ginseng.

1. Agronomy
   Botany
2. Horticulture
   Biology

Future farmers who didn't grow up on a family farm might want to consider a degree in agronomy. This field covers soil management and crop production, and can provide useful guidance for the agricultural field.

1. 8 Percent
   20 Percent
2. 50 Percent
   75 Percent

Around 8 percent of all farm output in the U.S. is sold directly to consumers instead of to corporations. This could come from farmers' markets or local produce stands.

1. Three
   10
2. 50
   155

The average U.S. farmer produces enough food to feed 155 people. This is much higher than the 26 people fed by the average U.S. farm in 1960 -- thanks to improved technology and efficiency.

1. 1 Percent
   25 Percent
2. 50 Percent
   99 Percent

Only around 1 percent of the corn grown in the U.S. is sweet corn -- the kind you toss on the grill and slather with butter. The vast majority is feed corn, which is used to feed livestock or make ethanol.

1. Six Months
   12 Months
2. 36 Months
   Six years or more

If you're using corn and grain to fatten up a cow, the animal can be slaughtered in around 12 to 18 months after birth. Cows fed only grass for their entire lives take 24 to 36 months to prepare for slaughter.

1. $323
   $725
2. $1,000
   $3,405

An acre of wheat sold for an average of $323 per acre in 2017, according to the Purdue University Extension. That means wheat farmers need to keep costs very low or rely on volume to make a living.

1. 12 Dozen
   120 Dozen
2. 1,200 Dozen
   120,000 Dozen

The Ohio State University Extension estimates that the average corn yield on one acre of land is around 1,200 dozen ears, or 14,400 individual ones. With corn prices between $2 and $4 per dozen, yield information allows farmers to calculate potential sales figures.

1. Arable
   Pastoral
2. Equine
   Impassable

Arable land is soil capable of producing crops, so farms that grow food are known as arable farms. An alternative is a pastoral farm, which produces cattle or livestock.

1. At least 1 percent
   50 Percent
2. 95 Percent
   100 Percent

Organic certification can help farmers secure higher prices for food, and appeal to buyers wanting a different quality of goods than what's available in conventional markets. As of 2018, the USDA Organic seal means that a product contains an least 95 percent organic content.

1. 3 cents
   15 Cents
2. 49 Cents
   90 Cents

Only around 15 cents of every dollar spent on food ends up in the hands of a farmer or rancher, according to the American Farm Bureau Foundation. This is only about half of the 31 cents per dollar that ranchers and farmers earned per food dollar spent in the U.S. in 1980.

1. One to two
   Four to five
2. Seven to nine
   12 to 15

A typical cow produces seven to nine gallons of milk a day -- that's more than 100 glasses! This amount of milk could also be used to make around 10 pounds of cheese.

1. Chicken
   Beef
2. Turkey
   Pork

Americans love their beef, but people around the world are obsessed with pork -- it represents around 42 percent of all meat consumed on Earth. Around 90 percent of that pork is consumed outside the U.S.

1. 1/12th Teapsoon
   1 Cup
2. 3 Quarts
   10 Gallons

Believe it or not, a single bee produces only about 1/12th of a teaspoon of honey in its entire life. That's why farmers who keep bees must have massive hives to keep production high enough to generate income.

1. 5 Percent
   25 Percent
2. 50 Percent
   80 Percent

Around 80 percent of all water used in the U.S. is used for farming and agriculture, according to the Penn State University Extension. A single milk cow can require 35 gallons a day or more, while irrigating one acre of land takes an average of 4,000 gallons per day -- though this can vary based on weather and location.

1. 1 Percent
   15 Percent
2. 30 Percent
   50 Percent

Farming represents only around 1 percent of the total U.S. GDP, or gross domestic product. When you consider all agriculture and food industries -- including restaurants -- this increases to around 5.5 percent, according to the USDA.

1. It was fed grass at some point.
   It was fed only grass.
2. It has no official meaning.
   This label doesn't apply to beef.

Grass-fed on beef means that the animal was fed grass at some point, but may have been eating corn or grain for the past few years. If you want an animal that only ate grass, look for beef marked as 100% grass-fed or grass-finished.

1. 3 Pounds
   20 Pounds
2. 50 Pounds
   100 Pounds

It's not easy being a milk-making machine! Dairy cows eat around 100 pounds of food a day, and also drink 30 to 50 gallons of water.