1. to the ground
   out of trees
2. both of the above

Biology dictates that animals that spend their lives living in trees or flying overhead don't need bowel or bladder control. In nature, waste simply falls to the ground.

1. horses
   birds
2. dogs

In addition to dogs and cats, many small animals such as ferrets, rabbits and gerbils can be trained to eliminate in a designated spot.

1. dogs
   horses
2. birds

Puppies and kittens are physically incapable of defecating or urinating without the stimulation of their mother's tongue until they are two or three weeks old.

1. howling
   food
2. urine and feces

Many animals use urine and feces to communicate with each other. Urine and feces deposits can mark an animal's territory and serve as a warning to potential intruders.

1. marking
   pointing
2. nesting

Many animals, especially males, mark or spray with urine to define and defend their territory.

1. spayed
   neutered
2. intact

Intact animals are much more likely to mark their territory with marking behavior than a spayed or neutered animal.

1. Use a key word or phrase.
   Stand in one place during potty trips.
2. both of the above

You can train your dog to eliminate on command by using a key word or phrase like "go potty" when it goes where you want it to. On potty trips, stand in one place and let it know you mean business.

1. play
   walk
2. run

Dogs and cats have a natural desire to be clean, so they also don't want to eliminate where they play.

1. boxing
   denning
2. homing

Dogs and many cats like to be in small, enclosed spaces. This is called denning and this instinct helps you housebreak your dog or cat.

1. selecting an appropriately sized crate
   forcing your dog to go into the crate
2. putting the crate in a dark corner

To crate-train your pet, you will need an appropriately sized crate. There are two types of dog crates: an enclosed plastic airline kind and a collapsible wire kind.

1. collar
   treat
2. bowl

The second step when crate training your dog is to throw a dog treat inside and let your dog go get it.

1. indoors
   outdoors
2. in the attic

When paper training your dog to eliminate in a specific place indoors, restrict the dog to a certain area and then place the newspapers as far as possible from its food and bedding.

1. food
   urine
2. floral

Place a paper towel or piece of newspaper with urine on it on top of the place that you want your puppy to go. These smells let your dog know that this is a good place to eliminate.

1. three times a day
   five times a day
2. as often as you can

You should take your puppy to its designated elimination area after it's eaten, when it first wakes up, and often throughout the day. Watch it for signs that it needs to go and take it where you want it to eliminate.

1. berate
   criticize
2. praise

Praise is a big part of the training process. Don't forget to praise and reward your puppy whenever it goes where it's supposed to.

1. cat litter
   grass
2. sidewalk cement

Most cats prefer substrates with a grainy or sandy texture just like commercial cat litter in order to do their business, so most kittens are easily housebroken.

1. yes
   no
2. almost always

Unless there are unusual problems with an adult dog, most can easily be housebroken. Those used to living outside in animal shelters don't usually consider eliminating indoors and adult dogs have more control and can go much longer between potty breaks.

1. outside
   when you return to the house
2. near its bed

Verbal praise is more effective than food rewards when training a dog, but if you want to give a food reward, make sure you offer it when the dog is still outside or it will think you are rewarding it for returning to the house.

1. mills
   stores
2. farms

If you adopt a dog that came originally from a puppy mill where the crowded conditions didn't allow them to escape their own waste, they may have lost their natural instinct to stay clean. This makes them harder to train.

1. small
   medium
2. large

Very small or toy breed dogs have very small bladders and can't hold their urine as long as bigger dogs can; be sure to take them for extra potty breaks to avoid accidents.