1. Cowboys
   Buffalo
2. Outlaws
   Crooked businessmen

Bounty hunters hunted wanted outlaws and would bring them back dead or alive in exchange for a reward. Some of the most famous bounty hunters were the Dunn Brothers from Pawnee, Oklahoma.

1. Watch over cattle
   Defend the peace
2. Clean up towns
   Fight prairie fires

While famous for being the lawless antiheroes of the American west, career cowboys actually did ranch-related tasks and looked after cattle. They would keep a heard safe from cattle thieves, brand and shepherd them.

1. The Cotton Rush
   The Real Estate Rush
2. The Diamond Rush
   The Gold Rush

Many kinds of people were attracted to the new American West. Slaves, businessmen, cowboys and even Germans and Scandinavians came to settle the land. Many prospectors were also inspired by the Gold Rush to come and seek their fortunes out West.

1. The Boys
   The Blight
2. The Wild Bunch
   The Night Riders

Butch Cassidy's Wild Bunch was an outlaw gang that terrorized Wyoming. It included famous outlaws like the Sundance Kid, Elzy Lay, Kid Curry and News Carver. They stole horses and cattle, robbed banks and were active highway robbers.

1. Thomas Jefferson
   Boston Corbett
2. Robert Ford
   The Sundance Kid

Famed Missouri-born outlaw Jesse James was notorious for robbing stagecoaches, banks and trains. He was well known while alive but became more famous after his death, when he was shot to death in his home by his friend, Robert Ford.

1. California
   Louisiana
2. New York
   Pennsylvania

When gold was discovered in 1848 in California, it changed the course of America forever. A man named James W. Marshall found it in Sutter Creek while supervising the building of a sawmill near Coloma, California.

1. Belle Starr
   Jane Austen
2. Abigail Adams
   Nellie Bly

Myra Maybelle Shirley, known as Belle Starr or The Bandit Queen, stole horses, executed heists and planned numerous robberies. After years of bribing and seducing the law to look the other way, she was shot in the back while riding home from the general store. She was killed right before her 41st birthday.

1. Slavery
   Westward expansion
2. The military
   The sciences

Manifest Destiny was the belief many Americans held in the 19th century. They believed that expanding America was not only justified but their God-given destiny.

1. What they grew and hunted
   What they bought
2. What they gathered
   What they stole

Stores on the frontier were few and far between, and shop owners often mixed inedible ingredients into their stock to stretch out how much they could sell. Homesteaders largely depended on their own gardens and hunting.

1. Appear bigger to bears
   Protect them from the sun
2. Be fashionable
   Look taller

Cowboy's have a famous look, but this look was very practical for the hard lives they led. Their iconic hats protected them from the sun and could also be used to scoop up water from streams and rivers.

1. cholera
   hemophilia
2. the plague
   eczema

Cholera was a killer on the frontier. Cholera and malaria, called ague, took down people of all ages. Cures of the day were herbs, tonics and teas.

1. Chinese Immigrants
   Women
2. Men
   The elderly

Most of those who settled the frontier from both the East coast and around the world were men. Some historians think that the overabundance of bachelor men led to the famous lawlessness of the old West.

1. The Sundance Kid
   Fast Hands McGhee
2. Jesse James
   Billy the Kid

While most outlaws have at least a few certain kills on record, this is not true in the case of Henry Longabaugh, better known as the Sundance Kid. Despite being a notorious gunslinger, there is no historical evidence that he actually killed anyone.

1. An old man
   Middle aged
2. A teenager
   Early 20s

According to legend Billy the Kid killed 21 men, one for every year of his short life. Born Henry McCarty, he was shot and killed at age 21 after years of evading the law and even a daring escape.

1. Many
   Some
2. Only one ever
   No

There were definitely a few women living the hard lives that cowboys became famous for. One such cowgirl was Stagecoach Mary, who was rumored to have broken more noses in brawls than anyone else in central Montana.

1. Cowboy
   Lawman
2. Bandit
   Rancher

Lawman Wyatt Earp is quite possibly the most famous lawman of the old West. He had a history of arrests and crimes committed, as well as one of working for the law. He was a controversial figure, known for being both an excellent lawman and very unpredictable.

1. Life in prison
   Hanging
2. Torture
   Community service

Many outlaws managed to evade the law for years at a time. Some, like cowboy Tom "Black Jack" Ketchum, were not so lucky. He was hanged for his crimes in 1901.

1. Horseback
   Train
2. Covered wagons
   Walking

Over the course of the 1840s and 1850s hundreds of thousands of pioneers made their way west. They traveled for months in covered wagons, which could, at the most, travel 20 miles a day. While covered wagons carried children, the sick, the elderly and supplies, most people who could walk did.

1. Incredibly clean
   Passable
2. Not great
   Pretty Gross

American migrants had notoriously filthy habits, especially on the road, which brought illness to the West. They drank and bathed in waste water and frequently ate spoiled food, like rotten meat.

1. Buffalo dung
   Gasoline
2. Paper
   Explosives

Traveling from one side of the country to the other in caravans of covered wagons was slow going and difficult. They would often use buffalo dung to fuel fires.

1. $1 million
   A large enough population
2. A flag
   A family member in government

In order for a region on the frontier to apply for statehood, it needed to have a population of 100,000. After this was achieved the process of becoming a state could begin.

1. A woman
   Black
2. Chinese
   Norwegian

It's estimated that as many as a quarter of cowboys were black. One of the most famous black cowboys was Addison Jones, who was famous for training horses and kept at it until he was 70 years old.

1. Fur
   Silk
2. Coffee
   Masonry

The fur trade boomed as America expanded west. Trappers and hunters even often moved ahead of settlers, looking for animal skins to sell to Europe.

1. Easy
   Harsh
2. Mild
   Annoying

Winters were hard on the people of the frontier. In colder regions, illnesses could take out whole families and food would often become scarce.

1. Missouri and Oregon
   Florida and Oregon
2. New York and Quebec
   Kansas and California

The Oregon Trail spans over 2,000 miles. It goes from Independence, Missouri, to Oregon City, Oregon.

1. Weapons
   Diseases
2. Drugs
   Wild dogs

While the people of the frontier hoped to escape the sickness of the big cities, they brought it with them. Native Americans were not equipped to handle these new illnesses. Scholars think that the Native American population was almost halved, largely due to disease, by 1900.

1. The Civil War
   The Louisiana Purchase
2. JFK's assassination
   The American Revolution

In 1803 President Thomas Jefferson bought the territory of Louisiana from Emperor Napoleon of France. Americans settled this land and continued to push forward as new gains were made through war and other means.

1. Bloodletting
   Mercury
2. There was no treatment
   Prayer

Gonorrhea and syphilis were common amongst frontier folk. Nearly every man on Lewis and Clark's famous westward trek was treated for syphilis. At the time, the treatment was a high dose of mercury.

1. Asking natives
   Water witching
2. Guessing
   Using almanacs

Water witching, or dowsing, was a popular method of finding clean wells in some parts of the frontier. Traditionally, this type of divination is performed with a Y-shaped hazel twig. According to legend, the twig moves in your hands to lead you to water.

1. Kansas
   Oklahoma
2. California
   Oregon

So many fugitives from other states ran away to Oklahoma that Native American children had a song about it. Even Oklahoma lawman Bass Reeves, one of the most effective lawmen in the history of the West, was a slave who ran away to Oklahoma after punching his owner unconscious during a game of cards.

1. Their songs
   Playing instruments
2. Dancing
   Farming

Cowboys were known for their songs, which they would often sing to cattle at night. Famous cowboy songs include "Old Dan Tucker" and "The Texas Lullaby."

1. 14th
   10th
2. 19th
   4th

The 19th century, or during the 1800s, was when cowboys had their day. The 20-year height of the American cowboy was from 1866-1886.

1. From Florida to Missouri
   From the Missouri River to the Pacific Ocean
2. From Maine to Florida
   From the Atlantic Ocean to Appalachia

When the Wild West is referred to, it is a distinct section of young America. It stretched from the Missouri River all the way to the Pacific Coast.

1. treaties
   violence
2. purchased the land
   shared it

Settlers believed that it was their destiny to occupy all of America at the expense of the Native Americans. They killed many of them.

1. Hotels
   Home
2. Restaurants
   Saloons

Cowboys lived hard lives, spending most of their time sleeping under the stars watching over massive herds of cattle. When they relaxed, they went to saloons to drink and gamble, and for entertainment.