1. The vertical finishing edge of a roof
   A parallel beam that supports the floor of a building
2. A horizontal beam that is placed above a door or a window
   An entryway

Carpenters place headers over openings like doors and windows. If the door or window is larger than the gap between two studs, the header serves to support the additional weight.

1. Rabbet
   Finger joint
2. Bridle joint
   Dovetail joint

Dovetail joints are among the most popular types utilized in carpentry due to their impressive strength. As the name suggests, the joint somewhat resembles the tail of a dove. This joint tends to be particular popular for use in furniture like drawers, tables, and armoires.

1. Drawknife
   Awl
2. Anvil
   Gimlet

Though most carpenters typically have an awl, gimlet, and drawknife on hand, they do not need an anvil. An anvil is primarily used for welding.

1. Bargeboard
   Soffit board
2. Fascia board
   Eavestrough board

The fascia board completes the roof, giving it a finished appearance. The long board connects to the lower part of the rafters and trusses, which also aids in structural support.

1. Smithing
   Joinery
2. Forgery
   Woodworking

Joiners specialize in creating the intricate joints necessary to craft anything from buildings to cabinets. While most carpenters know basic joinery, those who specialize in the field are often tasked with final fittings that ensure the project meets the necessary specifications and regulations.

1. Joist
   Molding
2. Plumb
   Dead load

Joists are the parallel beams that you can find supporting just about any building. In residential structures, they tend to be made from wood or concrete. In commercial construction, joists are often steel.

1. The force exerted on a building
   A board parallel to the floor
2. A perfectly straight line
   A type of joint

When a carpenter refers to an object as "plumb," it means it is perfectly straight. Most often, a plumb line refers to one that runs from the ceiling to the floor. In construction, lines must be impeccably even in order to install windows, tiling, and doors correctly.

1. Softwood
   Oak
2. Lumber
   Fiberboard

Lumber refers to wood sawn into planks or otherwise partially prepared for construction. When building homes, carpenters most often use framing lumber, also known as structural wood.

1. One-third of the nail's length
   Two-thirds of the nail's length
2. All the way
   Three-fifths of the nail's length

Most carpenters, woodworkers, and other craftspeople know to hammer nails down about two-thirds of the way. This length seems to offer optimal structural integrity.

1. Repels moisture
   Deters termites
2. Prevents cracks
   Combats mold

While pressure-treated lumber helps combat moisture, insect, and fungal-related damage, it cannot prevent cracks and flaws entirely. This treated lumber is often used in the construction of decks and other outdoor surfaces.

1. Rabbit ear
   Horse hoof
2. Cat's paw
   Puppy wrench

When a carpenter needs to dig a nail out of a board, she might say, "pass the cat's paw, please." This handy tool helps carpenters pull out nails with ease.

1. Jack rafter
   Master carpenter
2. Journeyman
   Apprentice

Traditionally, carpenters that have finished their apprenticeships are called journeymen. However, any carpenter with several years of experience may also be called a journeyman.

1. After passing a grueling written test.
   After 25 years of work in the field.
2. When the carpenter's master approved their piece for approval.
   After 15 years of work in the field.

After working as a journeyman for some time, a carpenter would present a piece for review by their master carpenter. If the master carpenter deemed it faultless and high quality, the journeyman would also attain the title of master carpenter.

1. Rise
   Ridge
2. Miter
   Raked wall

Raked walls are common in buildings with vaulted, barrel, or cathedral ceilings. In this type of construction, the top of the wall matches the roof's pitch.

1. Vault
   Valley
2. Truss
   Ridge

The area where two different roof slopes intersect is called a valley. These V-shaped channels exist all across the roof structure.

1. Particle board
   Melamine
2. Marine
   Lumber core

Melamine plywood's specially-treated properties make it very resistant to wear-and-tear of the years. This material is often used in the cabinetry industry.

1. Fan truss
   Scissor truss
2. Warren truss
   Pratt truss

As the name suggests, scissor trusses resemble a pair of open scissors. Predominantly used in vaulted or cathedral building construction, these trusses possess chords that cross each other.

1. Gable
   Miter
2. Zenith
   Peak

Much like on a mountain, the peak marks the highest point of the roof. Unless the roof is flat - in which case it has no peak.

1. 24 inches
   12 inches
2. 2 inches
   36 inches

Typically, carpenters place studs in residential construction about 24 inches apart. Sometimes, though, they might lie at about 16 inches. If you need to find a stud in your home, now you know just where to look.

1. Chisel
   Hammer
2. Awl
   Pettibone

A carpenter often has a scratch awl on hand, which is used to etch a line in the wood or other material before cutting. This tool helps ensure optimal precision.

1. Stair gauges
   Stringer
2. Story pole
   Template

The stringers attach to the risers and treads on both sides of the steps. This structure is essential to maintaining the safety and function of the stairs.

1. More than 15 feet
   Anything over 9 feet
2. Less than 6 feet
   7-feet tall

Balloon walls refer to walls taller than the typical 8 or 9-foot wall that is a norm in residential construction. These walls are often used for stair openings or two-story foyers.

1. Plumb cut
   Cheek cut
2. Tail cut
   Rip cut

Bevel cuts or cheek cuts are used on the sides of hips or valleys where they connect with the ridge board. This cut helps the structure lie properly.

1. Coping saw
   Hand scraper
2. Bit brace
   Rabbet

A bit brace is commonly used by carpenters to create thin layers of wood. It features a U-shaped grip, which the carpenter rotates to cut the wood.

1. Adjustable wrench
   Heel
2. Speed square
   Miter

This triangular-shaped tool combines a number of common carpentry functions into one handy device. When a carpenter needs to make an angle, the speed square gets the job done much faster than using a traditional measuring tool.

1. Auger
   Clamp
2. Plumb bob
   Combination square

A clamp can be used to hold two pieces together firmly. For instance, a carpenter might clamp together wood that needs to be nailed together.

1. Drill bit
   Laser level
2. Framing hammer
   Dado

A laser level is utilized to measure slope. To ensure the door lining fits perfectly, a carpenter should use a laser level, which is extremely accurate, to determine the appropriate slope.

1. Four
   One
2. Two
   Three

To create a compound mitre cut, the carpenter must slice two angles into the wood at the same time. This tactic is commonly used to create crown molding.

1. Dados
   Noggins
2. Nails
   Auger bits

Also sometimes referred to as blocking or bridging, noggins are extra pieces of timber inserted into the structure to strengthen it. A carpenter might add noggins to bolster a floor or wall, for instance.

1. Crosscut saw
   Bit brace
2. Wing divider
   Framing hammer

Carpenters use wing dividers to plot perfect curves, such as those necessary for circular work. It is similar to a compass.

1. Carpenter's level
   Spirit level
2. Mason's level
   Torpedo level

True to its name, a carpenter's level is often used by carpenters to establish straight vertical lines. They come in several sizes ranging from two eight-feet and beyond.

1. Dovetailing
   Crosscutting
2. Sawing
   Steamfitting

Cutting across the grain can be tricky, but sometimes, a carpenter may need to do it. A cross cut sled will help the carpenter cut against the grain with ease.

1. Torpedo cutting
   Rip cutting
2. Bit cutting
   Brace cutting

When a carpenter cuts a pice of wood parallel to the grain, it's called rip cutting. This can easily be done with any type of saw.

1. A house
   Furniture
2. Transit bridge
   Cabinets

While carpenters were responsible for building bridges for centuries, today, that task is largely left up to engineers and architects due to the structural complexities involved in making a bridge safe for motor vehicle use.

1. Torx
   Star-head
2. Phillips head
   Slot head

A carpenter will frequently use the Phillips head, which has a cross-shaped tip. They may also often use a slot head, which has a straight-line tip.