1. Triathlon
   Equestrianism
2. Curling
   Skeleton

The Olympics debuted equestrian sports in 1900 at the games held in Paris, France. Jumping, dressage and eventing are the equestrian categories. Equestrian dressage requires that the horse and rider perform a series of skilled movements that exhibit a horse's flexibility, subservience and balance.

1. Equus caballus
   Rhinoceros sondaicus
2. Elephas maximus
   Panthera tigris

The horse is a solid-hoofed mammal that evolved on the North American continent. The first domesticated horse appeared in central Asia approximately 5,000 years ago.

1. Entertainment
   Resource of war
2. Transportation
   Agricultural tool

Horses were first used as a source of transportation, carrying people and heavy loads. The animals helped to cultivate crops and lead men into and out of battles.

1. 1300s
   1500s
2. 1200s
   1800s

The first of the horse species evolved in North America before crossing the Bering Strait into Europe, Asia and Africa. The Spanish conquistadors brought the species back to America during the 1500s.

1. Archery
   Croquet
2. Jousting
   Badminton

Jousting is a western European military tournament sport that began during the early medieval period. The objective of each jousting match is to "unhorse" the other opponent.

1. Ironist
   Stockman
2. Rancher
   Cavalier

"Cavalier" is derived from the French term "chevalier," which means "knight" or "chivalrous man." The term is based on the Latin word "caballus," which implies "horse."

1. Cerberus
   Chimera
2. Centaur
   Scylla

The Centaur in Greek mythology is a race of part-man, part-horse beings that inhabit the Arcadia and Thessaly mountains. According to myth, the Centaur were defeated by the Lapiths in war following the wedding of Pirithous when the creatures attempted to kidnap the bride and other women.

1. Seabiscuit
   Bucephalus
2. Eclipse
   Barbaro

Alexander the Great was King of Macedonia who trained his favorite horse Bucephalus when he was a boy. Alexander the Great took Bucephalus on many of his war campaigns. The horse died after a battle at the Hydaspes River.

1. Aarhus
   Copenhagen
2. Esbjerg
   Horsens

Copenhagen was named after the British triumph at the Second Battle of Copenhagen in 1807. There is a statue at Round Hill in Aldershot, United Kingdom of the 1st Duke of Wellington astride Copenhagen. Matthew Cotes Wyatt made the statue in 1846.

1. Japan
   United States
2. Mexico
   Switzerland

Mongolia, Japan and many central Asian countries breed horses for their meat. The Japanese use horse meat in certain teriyaki dishes.

1. Mane and tail
   Eyes and hoofs
2. Manure and urine
   Cartilage and bones

The cartilage and bones of the horse are boiled for prolonged periods of time to condense collagen from the connective tissues. Fish and rabbit tissues are also used to make glue.

1. Manure
   Eyeballs
2. Saliva
   Mane

Horse manure is specifically used to fertilize mushroom crops. Manure is replete with organic materials, and improves the soil's ability to assimilate and store water.

1. Stallion
   Gelding
2. Mare
   Colt

An intact male horse is a stallion. A female horse is a mare and her offspring are foals. Young male horses are colts and young female horses are fillies.

1. Carnivorous
   Omnivorous
2. Herbivorous
   Detritivorous

Horses consume a plant-based diet, and they typically eat grass. Stabled horses are fed plain or mixed grains and hay.

1. Gelding
   Arabian
2. Thoroughbred
   Gypsy

Thoroughbred horses are a cross between Arabian and Turkish horses. Thoroughbreds are the fastest of all breeds. This horse tends to have an anxious disposition.

1. Sorrel
   Palomino
2. Dun
   Grullo

Palomino describes the color of the horse, and not the horse breed. Horses with palomino characteristics are widely bred in the southwestern region of the United States.

1. Appaloosa
   Trakehner
2. Fjord
   Lusitano

Frontier pioneers Meriwether Lewis and William Clark discovered the Appaloosa color breed of horse in the Nez Perce Indian territory of North America. The Appaloosa horse is a popular show horse that demonstrates remarkable stamina.

1. 5 months
   11 months
2. 3 months
   18 months

The gestation period for a foal is 280 days at minimum. A mare may give birth to twins, or even triplets, on occasion. Foals are weaned after six months.

1. 4 years
   18 years
2. 8 years
   50 years

After two years, horses are considered sexually mature, and are fully grown after five years. Depending on the degree to which they are worked during their lifetimes, some horses live beyond the average life span to 30 years,

1. Quarter horse
   Standardbred horse
2. Arabian
   American saddlebred horse

The Arabian horse is regarded as the first truly domesticated breed of horse. It's used as parental stock for such breeds as American saddlebred horse, Standardbred horse, quarter horse and the Thoroughbred.

1. Peruvian
   Andalusian
2. Paso Fino
   Percheron

The Percheron horse is a heavy draft horse breed, and therefore has significant stamina. Draft horses originated in central Europe and are bred to pull heavy loads. Popular draft horse breeds are Shire, Percheron and Clydesdale.

1. Zinger
   Messenger
2. Gulch
   Affirmed

Messenger was a Thoroughbred racehorse brought over to Philadelphia from Britain in 1788. The Standardbred horse is a harness racehorse.

1. War Admiral
   Funny Cide
2. Silver Charm
   Figure

Figure was foaled in Massachusetts in 1793 and sired the light draft breed line. Morgans are considered all-purpose horses, though modern descendants have been used as riding-horses.

1. Hackney
   Belgian
2. Haflinger
   Dutch Draft

The Hackney is a carriage horse that was developed in the eighteenth century. A dense muscular build and arched neck characterize the Hackney breed.

1. Ass
   Zebra
2. Pony
   Barb

Ponies are small horses that stand less than fourteen hands and two inches, or fifty-eight inches. The Shetland pony is slightly shorter, measuring forty-six inches high on average.

1. Zebra
   Hyena
2. Tiger
   Antelope

The genus Equus includes the zebra, the ass and the horse. The three species of zebra are Grevy's zebra, mountain zebra and plains zebra.

1. Falabella
   Tarpan
2. Paso Fino
   Marwari

The tarpan was a small wild horse that dwelt along the Russian grasslands of Eurasia. Outbreeding and overhunting lead to the tarpan's demise.

1. Dutch Warmblood
   Clydesdale
2. Oldenburg
   Holsteiner

Although the Clydesdale is a heavy draft-horse, it takes light and springy steps. On average, the breed measures sixteen hands, or sixty-four inches, in height.

1. Friesian
   Shire
2. Odenburg
   Westfalen

The Shire is a draft horse native to central England. These horses were used for military battle during the Middle Ages. The "great horse" was strong enough to transport weaponry and men in heavy armor.

1. Merens
   Poitevin
2. Henson
   Criollo

The Criollo horse is bred in South America, especially Brazil and Argentina. After it was imported from Spain it was released into the wild in Argentina. Three hundred years later in 1920, formal breeding methods were set in place.

1. Ass
   Przewalski's horse
2. Zebra
   Marwari

Przewalski's horse is closely related to the domesticated strains, but it has a different stature and appearance. Przewalski's horse more closely resembles a pony in height. The wild horse stands twelve to fourteen hands, or forty-eight to fifty-six inches. The horse possesses a dun, or yellowish, color with a dark tail and short mane.

1. Light horse
   Draft horse
2. Pony
   Tarpan

Light horses originate in the Middle East region and can perform light work. These horses are trained as racers, trotters and cow horses. The Morgan, Appaloosa and American saddlebred are light horse breeds.

1. Wildebeest
   Wild ass
2. Buffalo
   Impala

Horses and wild asses are members of the family Equidae. There are two species of wild ass: Asiatic wild ass, sometimes called Asian wild ass or the half-ass; and the African wild ass. The domestic donkey descends from the African wild ass.

1. Hernan Cortes
   Pedro de Alvarado
2. Francisco Pizarro
   Christopher Columbus

Spanish horses of Moorish stock first landed with Christopher Columbus on the shores of the Caribbean in 1493. Other European explorers brought horses to the western and eastern portions of the New World during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.

1. Stirrup
   Saddle
2. Chaps
   Girth

Horse riders use saddles for cushion and support. Saddle support has evolved from cloths and blankets to the elaborate seating structures that seasoned riders typically use today.