1. The police are here!
   The criminals are caught.
2. Burning the flag is illegal!
   Caught in the act!

In flagrante delicto is a legal term meaning to be caught in the midst of an act. Colloquially, it would translate to "caught red handed" and is often used to describe events outside of law enforcement as well.

1. To intimidate suspects
   To look professional
2. To blend in
   All of the above

Detectives wear suits for a lot of reasons. They signify authority, grant access to certain social situations, blend in and conceal weaponry. They are also a tradition going back more than a century.

1. By firefighter ranks
   By experience
2. By lifeguard ranks
   By military ranks

Today, the vast majority of police forces use some variation on military ranks to denote the authority given to an officer. This usually takes the form of officer, detective, lieutenant, etc.

1. 1879
   1829
2. 1855
   1742

Sir Robert Peel was behind the passage of the Metropolitan Police Act of 1829, which created a police force with very limited powers, permitted to patrol the streets of London and seek to interrupt crime. At the time, it could do little else.

1. Notable NYC street gangs
   London's Metropolitan Police
2. The U.S. Army
   The French Foreign Legion

When looking for a model for police in New York, the Metropolitan Police of London were chosen. The Met used a military-style ranking structure with clear lines of authority, uniforms and procedure, and the police of New York were created with these elements in mind.

1. 1887
   1865
2. 1922
   1850

1887 was a major expansion year for the Met, which had formerly be confined to 4 Whitehall Pl. One of their new facilities stood at the fateful address of 8 and 9 Great Scotland Yard. Of course, 4 Whitehall and several other buildings expanded into abutted Great Scotland Yard, but they didn't have the address in the name.

1. 1866
   1845
2. 1870
   1810

In 1870, a charter put an end to the chaotic manner in which the police were "organized" (read: directly controlled by rival politicians). After 1870, the NYPD was confined to its boroughs, starting with just Manhattan and Brooklyn.

1. 42
   13
2. 12
   32

In the early years of New York City's expansion, the city was divided up many ways. There were wards to divide up neighborhoods, the grid to divide up blocks, inspection districts to divide up the larger regions of police interest, and precincts to divide up the inspection districts.

1. Pepper, obviously!
   Capsicum
2. Salt, funnily enough.
   Chlorine

Capsicum is not just the genus of pepper plants. It's also the active ingredient in this essential tool of the policing trade. Pepper spray is painful and terribly inconvenient, but because it is rarely lethal and temporarily disabling at worst, it's a great way to stop a criminal in their tracks without risking anyone's life.

1. "Aiding in theatrical entertainments on Sunday"
   "Cruel usage of animals in public places"
2. "Interfering with a man disciplining his family"
   "Aiding in any way in a prize fight"

Sure, cops in the 1800s weren't exactly kinder or gentler than they are today. There were still debtors prisons, Jim Crow laws and only men could vote back then. It was, however, frowned upon to beat one's family in public, and a policeman could intervene if they so chose.

1. 48 Parliament St
   SW1A 2JL
2. SW1A 2HJ
   10 Broadway

Technology and personnel needs changed drastically by the 1960s, and the Met had to move house. It chose a brand new office tower at 10 Broadway for its new home, a place it has augmented repeatedly over the years with newer security and technology. The Met moved again in the early 2010s, citing space needs. As for the gibberish codes, those are post codes specific to buildings. SW1A 2HJ is the Civil Service Club on Great Scotland Yard, and SW1A 2JL should point to the current home of New Scotland Yard.

1. The Rudy Giuliani Booking Building
   The Tombs
2. The Ed Koch Jail
   Booking Facility 22-8

The Tombs is the nickname for the central booking facility in New York City's Chinatown neighborhood. While the current building is fairly new, the purpose of the site goes back to 1838, when the original city jail was built to resemble the Tomb of Mausolus, one of the seven wonders of the ancient world. Built on the site of the old Collect Pond, it sank into the ground and prisoners often got Trench Foot as a result of being held in cells full of water.

1. The Draft Riots
   The Ice Cream Riot
2. The Great Police Riot
   The Bowler Hat Rebellion

The Great Police Riot was a pitched battle between the Metropolitan Police and the Municipal Police, rival police forces run by corrupt politicians. The two forces constantly undermined each other and sank deeper and deeper into corruption as a result. Tensions boiled over in a riot, but it took court fights between the two groups' leaders to put an end to the conflict. By autumn, the Municipal Police were dissolved by court order.

1. They were all once universities.
   They were all once posessions of Venice.
2. They all have bridges of sighs.
   They were all built in the same architectural style.

While Oxford's bridge of sighs is just a corridor, the ones in New York City and Venice were built for the same reason: to transport prisoners from jail to court without having to step outside. The bridge of sighs in Venice overlooks a canal, and tourists can go beneath it in gondolas. The bridge of sighs at The Tombs spans a parking lot and overlooks bail bondsmen, cheap restaurants and brutalist architecture.

1. HOLMES
   BIFF
2. WATSON
   MOPAC

A series of bills between 1999 and 2012 gave rise to a new order of bureaucratic oversight for the Met. Not to be confused with MOPAR, MOPAC stands for Mayor's Office for Policing and Crime, and it's the conduit through which the Mayor of London exerts control over the police. The mayoral appointee put in charge of MOPAC is Deputy Mayor for Policing and Crime, and the whole thing is overseen by the Police and Crime Committee, which is in turn run by the London Assembly.

1. Glock 17, 9mm
   Smith and Wesson M&P9, 9mm
2. Taurus 1911 Officer, 45 acp
   Colt Defender, 9mm

Every police department that allows officers to carry weapons has to standardize what is allowed. These days, most departments favor the 9mm format for its effectiveness, size and ease of use. Cincinnati's police manual specifies the standard duty pistol as the Smith and Wesson Military and Police 9mm, designated M&P9 by the manufacturer.

1. Race
   Religious affiliation
2. Ethnicity
   National origin

While race, ethnicity and national origin are all explicitly defined as factors that, if used as the basis for "any police-initiated action," would be racial profiling, religious affiliation is not. At least, it isn't Portland, Oregon.

1. "When the off-duty officer has probable cause to believe that a crime has%0Dbeen committed and human life or safety, or significant property loss, is%0Dbeing threatened."
   "If the officer has a strong hunch that someone is up to no good."
2. "When a crime is committed in the off-duty officer's presence."
   "If the situation is of an emergency nature that cannot await the arrival of%0Don-duty officers."

Police officers, while respected and important, must not become another class of citizen, so it has been important since the early days that they function differently when they are working and when they are not working. On the job, the police have powers no one should have as a private citizen, so police have tight strictures on what they can do on their time off, including when they can become involved in a situation as a police officer.

1. Counterterrorism Operations
   Frontline Policing
2. Shared Support Services
   Specialist Operations

While the Met takes measures to prevent terrorism and has done so since The Troubles, counterterrorism is primarily the purview of MI-5, which is somewhat akin to the FBI, in the UK.

1. Chevrolet Impala
   Nissan Altima Hybrid
2. Ford Fusion Hybrid
   Dodge Charger

The Dodge Charger does not get good mileage. It doesn't come in hybrid form. It does, however, go really fast. This is why the NYPD uses it not as a patrol cruiser, but as a highway patrol vehicle. Sure, it would do the job as a cruiser, but it would also eat a lot more fuel than its slower counterparts, and that's money the NYPD could spend on other things.

1. BMW i3
   Peugeot 308
2. BMW X5
   Hyundai i30

The BMW X5 is found in the Met's arsenal of vehicles, but its designation is as a Armed Response Vehicle. This makes sense when you consider its size, speed, ease of armoring, off road ability and rear hatch, all of which lend themselves to the task of positioning a SWAT team rather than delivering an officer to mediate a domestic dispute.

1. New Jersey
   California
2. Michigan
   Kansas

During the year 1943 in Los Angeles, a group of white LAPD officers got in a fight with a group of Latino youths. The brawl turned into a melee, and the melee into a riot. Perhaps as a way of placing the blame squarely on the youths, the riots were dubbed the Zoot Suit Riots to reference the style of baggy suits favored by the youths at the time.

1. Australian
   American
2. British
   Italian

British police do not carry guns, unlike most police forces. Australians mostly do, despite the similar culture.

1. Woman
   Wiring
2. Writing
   Weaving

As ridiculous as it sounds, until recently this was really how female cops in the UK were listed. They had Police Constables, then under special skills, Woman Police Constables. Being a woman is a special skill, apparently.

1. Knitting circle
   Orgy
2. Wedding
   NASCAR rally

Several local drug dealers showed up to the fake wedding where both the bride and groom were undercover cops. They were all captured, though there is no word on whether or not they had cake first.

1. He killed the most people ever hit with a single Mini.
   He was a cop.
2. He was also a serial killer, but the cops never checked the trunk.
   He did not exist.

This fearsome prolific illegal driver suddenly turned up all over Ireland right after free movement within Europe was extended to cover Poland. That's because Prawo Jadzy is Polish for "driver's license."

1. 0
   4
2. 137
   4759

While there are not a lot of people in Finland, the fact that this number is so low is a testament to either a very healthy society, a great police force, or both.

1. The Pooping Bandit
   The Lardy Criminal
2. The Vomit Painter
   Jackson Pollock

In 2012, Akron PD finally caught up to the serial automobile vandal dubbed The Pooping Bandit in the press. Known for decorating vehicles by defecating in and on them, he was found astride the hood of a car, releasing his latest expression on its surface. Previously, he had done his dirty work inside unlocked cars, and even on their door handles.

1. Texas
   Switzerland
2. Holland
   France

In 2010, a Swedish driver in a Mercedes-Benz SLS was clocked at over 186 mph in Switzerland. While Switzerland will tolerate tax evasion, and they may never ask you where you got all that gold, they will stomp you hard for speeding. This Swede was issued a ticket for roughly $1 million.

1. You lose your license.
   You lose your car.
2. You are charged with a misdemeanor.
   You are issued a psychotically huge ticket.

In the state of Virginia, driving over 80 mph, or indeed driving at any speed 20 mph over the posted speed limit, is considered misdemeanor reckless driving. Due to Virginia law, this will remain on your record for all time, meaning that if someone does a background check on you, it will likely pop up.

1. Bullets
   Car-Tazers
2. Killer robots
   Balls filled with paint

Japanese police have better things to do than get killed in a high speed chase. As a result, they came up with this clever idea to catch escaping criminals: paint their cars a horrendous orange they can't get off with what they called bohan yo kara boru or "anti-crime color balls." These things, which look like baseballs, mark fleeing vehicles, making them easy for the cops to pick out later so there isn't a chance of someone getting hurt in a chase.

1. A battering ram
   A combat shotgun
2. A teddy bear
   A bomb robot

Dutch police are required to carry a lot of gear. There is their "GPS-navigatiesysteem," their "Zwaailicht en sirene," and of course, their "Teddybeer om aan een kind te geven dat iets ergs is overkomen," which translates to "Teddy bear to give to a child who just went through something terrible."

1. The Gendarmerie Nationale are like the FBI and the Police Nationale are just for cities.
   The Gendarmerie Nationale is part of the armed forces and the Police Nationale are civilian police.
2. The Police Nationale replaced the Gendarmerie Nationale in 1966.
   The Gendarmerie Nationale were created by Napoleon, and the Police Nationale by Robespierre.

The Gendarmerie Nationale was founded in 1306 as the Maréchaussée (Marshals, like in the US), but was renamed Gendarmerie Nationale in 1791 by the government of the French Revolution. Cest la vie.

1. "Sometimes the Use-of-Force Is Unavoidable."
   "A Strong Partnership Between the Department and the Community Is Essential for Effective Law Enforcement and Public Safety."
2. "An Officer Shall Use Only the Degree of Force That Is Objectively Reasonable."
   None of the above.

The Seattle PD puts its whole procedure manual online so the residents of Seattle can have a better idea of what is expected of their police. The Use of Force section of their manual lists seven core principles, each made up of several ideas and followed by a litany of bullet points elaborating on each idea.

1. 34th
   60th
2. 3rd
   120th

According to the 2016 figures compiled by the World Bank, the U.S. ranks 34th in "intentional homicide" worldwide, with 5.35 intentional homicides per 100,000 people. By comparison, El Salvador, with its rocky economy, weak government and powerful underworld is number one with 82.84 murders per 100,000 people, and the UK, with its strong social contract, robust economy and strong gun control laws is 62nd, with 1.2 per 100,000.